“. butleri. 
glycera. 
graphota. 
numida. 
pantherata. 
insignis. 
thirza. 
cubana. 
jaegeri. 
402 CLOTHILDA. By Dr. A. Sxrrz. 
taken in Costa Rica, belonging to the form butleri Stich. (84 e), described as “generally less brightly coloured’. 
Cuba specimens have the discal area of the forewing lighter; they were separated as fa. poeyi. Besides those 
of Costa Rica, SticHEL classes with butler? also specimens from Peru and Colombia; these, however, can hardly 
be distinguished from other South Americans. — glycera Fldr. (= moneta var. Poey) (84e as moneta) is above 
more uniformly fulvous, differing therein, according to STauDINGER, from typical moneta which have the 
base chestnut-brown. Notwithstanding the great difference between the figured specimens, all possible tran- 
sitions are known; thus in either form the anal dots on the hindwings may be present or absent, and Sravu- 
DINGER is right in considering the specific separation of the two forms, although differing so much in their 
extremes, doubtful. Described from Venezuela. — graphota Stich. refers to the form of Colombia, distinguished 
by the darker ground-colour and heavier transverse spot in the cell of the forewing. But these characte- 
ristics vary very much, especially according to the altitude. The figured specimen came from Bolivia; it stands 
apparently midway between those of Peru and Venezuela, being paler than the former, and darker than those 
from Venezuela. The caterpillar which might give us some clue as to the relationship of the forms, is un- 
known. The species is very. common. 
2. Subfamily : Clothildinae. 
Many authors have placed the only genus belonging to this group near Argynnis, although attention 
has repeatedly been called to the superficiality of this arrangement. FELDER compares it with the Satyridae, 
HRRICH-SCHAFFER with the Brassolidae; both these authors based their classification upon the neuration, 
arriving, however, at very curious results, and evidently being at a loss to know where to put them. Dret- 
RIcH and ReuTER unite them with the Danaids. I just wish to point out that whenever this genus has 
been united with one or the other subfamily, it was not done without leaving grave doubts in the authors’ 
minds, and I therefore favour the establishment of a subfamily of its own, following Haase who regarded 
it as a Nymphalid s. s., although a very peculiar one. 
1. Genus: Clothilda Blanch. 
Butterflies of large size and most different appearance; all scarce and confined to a limited area, 
inhabiting only Mexico, Central America and the Antilles. 
Head rather broad; palpi stout, but not distented as in Argynnis, of entirely different structure 
from that of all other known Nymphalids. Antennae of less than half the length of the costa, feebly clubbed; 
eyes naked; thorax strong; abdomen slender and rather short. Wings broad and large, the cell in the forewing 
closed, very broad. On the forewing the first subcostal nervule arises before, the second at the end of the 
cell, the third beyond it. The median nervules far apart. Hindwings large, with deeply dentate termen, only 
in the insignis-group less distinctly scaloped. Precostal bifurcate, arising at the origin of the subcostal. Costal 
vein very short, ending before or at the middle of the costa. Nothing is known about the earlier stages, 
little about the habits of the imago, except that they prefer the open country, and that some count among 
the greatest rarities. TASS 
C. numida Hbn. (= pantherata H. Schdff.) (83d, e) resembles above somewhat a large Argynnis; 
yellow-ochreous, spotted with black-brown. Termen of forewing with double spots of fulvous. Under surface, 
especially of the hindwings, marked with dark spots margined with pale lines. displaying a resinous, fatty 
gloss. From Cuba. — pantherata Mart. (= briarea Godt.) is somewhat smaller, and has both above and under- 
neath the termen adorned with double white dots. Cuba and Haiti. Scarce. 
C. insignis Salv. (83d, e). The forewing has both above and beneath the discal area beautifully 
crimson, spotted with black. On the hindwing the discal area traversed by a band which is yellow-ochreous 
above, underneath white and broader. From Costa Rica. — thirza Hbn. (= euryale Klg.) is a closely allied 
species, which has been known for some time, occurring in northern Central America and Mexico; forewing 
likewise with the discus purplish, but the hindwing lacking the pale anteterminal band. 
_ C. cubana Salv. (= jaegeri H.-Schdff.) (83d, e) resembles underneath almost exactly insignis. But 
above it is very different, deep fuscous, the forewing with a white macular band; hindwing with a yellow band. 
The typical form is only known from Cuba, where it is rather scarce. The Haiti form with which it formerly 
was united, differs somewhat: = jaegeri 1/én. Nothing is known of the earlier stages. Our figure of the under 
surface is rather too large, but cubana is frequently considerably larger than jaegert. 
See Hall ale, Lx , f- 13 , (922, 
i 
7 
