ARGYNNIS. By Dr. Tu. Leumany. 419 
the black markings strongly reduced, as in adéante, especially on the hindwings. On the under surface the fore- 
wings from base to outer half cinnamon-red, beyond that buff. Apex and termen brown; the upper marginal 
and 2 subapical spots well silvered. Hindwings rusty-brown from base to the brownish-yellow submarginal 
band, mottled with lighter brown. Al] the spots well silvered. 2 above like 3, with the dark markings some- 
what heavier. Under surface of forewings uniformly reddish as far as the apex, only the upper angle of the 
cell buff. Hindwing generally fawn-coloured with the submarginal band somewhat lighter; some specimens 
have the ground-colour much darker, with the band very distinct. The silverspots very prominent. Expanse: 
S 2,6, Q 2,.8—3,0". semzramis is quite common in the neighbourhood of San Bernardine in southern Cali- 
fornia, especially in the mountains separating the S. Bernardino Valley from the Mohave Desert. 
A. inornata Ydw. (86 e) resembles in its markings rupestris, but is much larger and somewhat paler. 
Forewings strongly arched, produced apically. g above bright fulvous, much obscured from base to mesial 
band; the two marginal lines united to a broad band. The black markings moderately heavy, only at the 
disk rather thin. Under surface of the forewings cinnamon-brown, the apex buff. Hindwings reddish-brown 
to the second row of spots, the submarginal area clear buff, slightly shaded with the dark ground-colour 
toward the anal angle. All the spots large, pale yellow, without any silver. 92 above rather paler than g, 
the basal area deep orange-red, the outer portion, and especially the discal and marginal spots on the hind- 
wings faded to whitish-yellow. Under surface of the forewings orange-red instead of cinnamon-brown. Hind- 
wings pale greenish-brown, mottled with yellowish. The spots very large, but generally not silvered, only in 
some exceptional cases sprinkled with a few silvery scales. Expanse: ¢ 2,5’, 2 2,7’. Originally described 
from a $2 from Downieville (California), znornata is also found in Nevada (Virginia City, Epwarps), but is 
rather rare in collections, being extremely shy and, on account of its rapid, restless flight, very difficult to 
catch. It never alights on flowers, but settles, in order to rest, on the leaves of trees, never for more than a 
second at a time, very different from zerene and monticola. 
A. atossa Hdw. (86d) closely approaches the following adiante. 3 above bright fulvous, but slightly 
obscured at the base. The markings all very greatly reduced, almost entirely absent on the hindwings. Outer 
margin of both wings bordered only by a single fine line, ctherwise almost unmarked, only on the forewings 
we find at the inner angle 3 small spots, being all that is left of the usual submarginal lunules. Under sur- 
face of both wings pale buff, suffused with bright red at base and inner margin of forewings; on the hind- 
wings the basal and discal areas very feebly okscured; aJl markings in cell, at apex and termen obliterated. 
The spots on the forewing and hindwing without any silver, frequently very faint altogether and hardly 
recognizable. Expanse: 3 2,4’, 9 2,8—3,0’’. atossa is a very rare species, or possibly only an extreme variety 
of adiante Bsd. from southern California. The exact locality where the g type was found, is unknown; but in 
June 1889 BuRRiIson captured several 29 near Tchachape, in a little side-valley by the border of a nar- 
row stream, 4 miles from town, at an elevation of about 4200 ft. In June 1905 F. Grinnez took on Mt. 
Pinos among a lot of typical A. ewrynome a specimen of atossa, which was by CooLipGE regarded as an ex- 
tremely light form of ewrynome. Since than nothing has been heard of this species. 
A. adiante Bsd. (= adiaste Behr) (86d). 3 above bright fulvous, lightly obscured with fuscous at base, 
the black markings rather slight, especially on the hindwings where the median band has been reduced to a 
thin, broken line; the submarginal lunules small, not joining the marginal line; the postdiscal spots on both 
wings minute. Under surface of the forewings pale fulvous, the apex much lighter, the basal area orange-red. 
The markings of the outer half almost completely obliterated. Hindwings light buff, shaded with pale fawn- 
colour proximally. Termen brownish, all the spots without any trace of silver, grey-yellow, finely margined 
with brown proximally, sometimes hardly visible. 2 very much like g, but with the markings of the upper 
surface heavier, the basal area as well as the inner half of the forewings beneath tinged with deeper red. 
adiante is a very constant form, which, unlike most of the other Californian Argynnis, seems to develop 
neither variations, aberrations or local races (BEHR). It does not occur on the coast, but only in the interior 
of southern California (near Los Gatos, near Scarsville in Santa Clara Co.); in some years it is rather common, 
but always local. Its southern limits are not yet known. 
A. artonis Hdw. (87d) represents a transition from adiante to the ewrynome-group, being the first 
of a group of forms which are all more or less related to euwrynome, and are by many authors regarded as mere 
varieties or local races; whether this is just, cannot at present be decided, on account of our scant know- 
ledge of the life-history of these forms. Only of ewrynome and egleis we know the early stages. 3 easy to di- 
stinguish from ewrynome 3 by the entire absence of silvery scales on the spots of the under surface, which 
are, moreover, not so long nor so much produced as in that species. Under surface without the dark 
inornata. 
atossa. 
adiante. 
artonis. 
