Publ. 10. XII. 1913. MELITAEA. By Dr. A. Szrrz. 433 
M. harrisi Scudd. (SS e). Underside somewhat like that of WM. cinxia, particularly. on account of the 
presubmarginal row of dots enclosing the central dots characteristic of that species. g¢ deep fulvous above, 
with darker markings, the terminal area nearly wholly black; both wings traversed by a band of pale rufous. 
2 lighter coloured and of rather larger size, otherwise altogether like 3. — Caterpillar reddish-brown with black 
dorsal stripe, and dark rings at and behind the base of the spines, the spines themselves black. On Diplopappus 
umbellatus. Pupa pearly white, marked with black or fuscous. Found throughout the Eastern States from 
Canada to Illinois. 
M. dymas Edw. (= larunda Sirck.) (S88 f). This species, mentioned by Dyar as Cinclidia, is probably 
best classed with Phyciodes. It closely approaches Ph. elada Hew. (88 f), but is lighter, pale rufous, usually 
very slightly marked; also the under surface shows some little difference. Southern Texas. 
M. perse Hdw. (88 f). Almost exactly like the preceding, also underneath, but the ground-colour deeper 
golden yellow above, with the numerous dark undulate lines fine, but more sharply defined than in dymas. 
From Arizona. 
M. chara Hdw. (88 f). Very much like the two preceding species, of somewhat larger size, the black 
undulate lines and lunules more distinct; from the costa, before its outer third, a pale oblique dash, represen- 
ting the commencement of a pale yellowish-brown fascia ending at the inner margin before the anal angle. 
Underneath, this fascia more distinct and continuing also on the hindwing in the shape of a narrow, pale 
yellow band. Arizona. Like the preceding, a stunted desert-form. 
M. anomala Godm. a. Salv. Of this species only one specimen seems to be known which used to be 
in the STAUDINGER Collection with which it most likely came to the Berlin Museum. In size hardly 
approaching J. chara; blackish-fuscous, forewings with a white costal semi-band and 4 white spots in the 
terminal area: hindwings with yellowish-brown disk and a white punctate row in the black terminal border; 
cell spotted with black. Underneath resembling hepburni, but with the groundcolour of the forewings blackish, 
not yellow-brown. Mexico: Colima. 
M. hepburni Godm. a. Salv. Closely allied to dymas, but more gaudily coloured both above and beneath, 
the ground-colour deep greyish fuscous, the discal and marginal row of spots yellow, the intermediate, sub- 
marginal one rufous. Under surface almost like that of a small-sized Mel. merope or varia. Chihuahua (Mexico). 
— The species must of course not be confounded with the Erycinid A podemia hepburni which outwardly resemb- 
les a dwarf Welitaea and which we figure with the Erycinids on plate 142. 
M. alma Strck. (88 e) equals in size the preceding species, upper surface rufous, marked with black 
at apex and outer border, but lacking the numerous dark undulate cross lines which are replaced by several rather 
pale transverse macular bands. Under surface of hindwings yellow, with dark border and veins and a double 
black transverse band before the outer third. 
M. thekla Edw. (88 f). Upperside likewise rufous, but the black markings heavier. On the under surface 
of the hindwings 2 curved bands of pale fulvous on ivory-yellow ground, the markings approaching those of 
the closely allied Phyc. theona. 2 very much like 3. Texas. — bollii Hdw. differs from typical thekla only in 
having the paler median band of the upper surface of the hindwings somewhat broader, its border narrower, and 
its continvation vpon the forewings almost completely wanting. HoLLAND, however, upon a close examination 
of both types, asserts that there is no possibility of sharply separating both forms. Arizona. — definita Aar. 
likewise closely resembles thekla, being also found in Texas. 
M. leanira Bsd. (88 f).. Upper surface blackish-brown, both wings with 3 pale yellow blotches, the outer 
of which complete, the middle one interrupted on the forewings and the inner broken up in several scattering 
spots which may even be quite obsolete (= ab. obsoleta H. Hdw.). The blackish ground colour is interrupted 
before the termen and in the discal area by redbrown spots, which produces the same pattern we find in colon, 
taylori, rubicunda; but the species is easily recognized by the shape of the wings which resemble those of 
Araschnia prorsa and many Phyciodes, in as much as on the forewings the termen is produced at the end of the 
3. radial so as to produce a blunt angle, above which the apex appears cut off and below which the termen is 
slightly excavated. Also the underside differs materially. Widely distributed throughout the Western States, 
from British Colombia to southern California. — leona Wr. seems to be a form of leanira in which the yellow 
spots above are so much reduced that the hindwings often are wholly black, with just a few ivory-white dots. 
— mirabilis Wr. is an accidental aberration having the pale spots in the outer half of the wings both above and 
beneath drawn out in the direction of the intranerval spaces, a phenomenon not infrequently met with im Euro- 
pean Melitaeas (f. i. didyma). — cerrita Wr., on the other hand, is an entirely constant form in which the rufous 
and ivory-white areas are often indistinctly separated from one another or quite feebly indicated; like the pre- 
ceding, it occurs in either sex. All these forms are closely allied to cyneas and theona which are described under 
Phyciodes, another proof of how unnatural and untenable is the separation of the genera Melitaea and Phyciodes. 
V 55 
harrisi. 
dymas. 
perse. 
chara. 
anomala. 
hepburni. 
alma. 
thekla. 
bollii. 
definita. 
leanira. 
obsoleta. 
leona. 
mirabilis. 
cerrita. 
