cacica. 
stalachtoi- 
. des. 
caecilia. 
emilia. 
mariana. 
hyperm- 
nestra. 
apicalis. 
burchelli. 
bogolana. 
cand. 
semifulva. 
466 CYSTINEURA. By Dr. A. Serrz. 
V. cacica Sigr. is quite similar above, but the cell-wedge cut through before its apex, the oblique band 
split up into 2 spots; spots before the apex, and between the median veins diffuse white spots; hind- 
wing with uniform light band. From Kcuador. 
V. stalachtoides Bates. A very easily recognized species, resembling a Stalachtis phaedusa (pl. 143) 
or Leucothyris egra (39 b), or again a Pseudoscada exornata Hsch. (41 b). The forewing is variegated with light, 
dull yellow spots, the hindwing has transparent disc, black costal margin and, what is most striking, an DORE 
red stripe before the black distal margin. From the Lower Amazon. 
V. caecilia Cr. (95). Forewing with a broad, white, oval or band-like apical spot, white discal spot 
and small whitish blue band, which cuts off the basal part of both wings. Hindwing sometimes with whitish 
median band. From the Upper Amazon. 
V. emilia Cr. is quite similar to the preceding, but the large white spots on the forewing are broken up 
into smaller ones. The hindwing shows always beneath, often also above, a median band intersected by the veins. 
Guiana and the Amazons. 
V. mariana Bates is quite similar to the preceding above, but has on the hindwing white marginal 
markings and fringes; the forewing is somewhat more strongly spotted with white, and in the apex itself stands 
an obscure white line. The underside of the hindwing lacks the small white subbasal band, distinet in caecilia 
and emilia. From the _ Upper SEO Rare. 
5 Ve eels ne Beye _v 
v 
19. Genus: Cystimeura Bsd. 
This genus is composed of 12 forms, 11 of which approximate very closely, but the 12th is remar- 
kably different and both structurally and in habitus approaches an African species. The genus, at least as 
concerns the first 11 forms, cannot be confused with any others, it consists of extremely delicate, broad-winged, 
rather small butterflies, the forewing elongate with the costal margin straight, the distal margin long and the 
inner margin either quite straight or even slightly concave. Noticeable in the neuration are a thick, ampulla- 
like swelling at the base of the subcostal, the very broad, closed cell of the forewing and the open cell of the 
hindwing. The colouring, with the exception of the 12th species, which scarcely belongs in the genus, is white 
or grey with a somewhat orange tinge. Concerning the early stages nothing definite is known. The geographical 
distribution extends from the most southern part of the United States to Paraguay. A correct separation 
of the species and arrangement of their forms is attended with great difficulty and the intergrading of the 
different forms leads us to suspect that we are only dealing with quite a few variable species, which all vary in a 
similar direction. 
C. hypermnestra Hbn. (= hersilia Godt. p. p., tokantina Bates) (115 e, 97 a under surface). Already in 
my ,,Lepidopterologischen Studien“ (Zool. Jahrb. System. 4, p. 912) I have called attention to the extreme 
variability of this species, which was noticeable even among the numerous specimens which I took at the same 
place and almost at the same hour in Bahia. The gg may be almost unicolorous grey above, but have mostly 
a rather broad light discal band across the forewing, which is widened below the cell and is continued on the 
hindwing, but considerably narrower. The under surface in the ¢ has mostly a rather weak ochreous tinge, 
principally in the distal area, and shows a white subbasal band on the hindwing, which is at least as broad as 
the discal band or even surpasses it. In the 2 also the ochreous tinge of the under surface may be strong or 
weak. The species is only known from Bahia, where it flies throughout the year. — Further to the south, 
from Rio to Paraguay, flies a form with the apical part of the forewing broadly orange-yellow, which 
STAUDINGER calls apicalis and in which he already suspected a southern local form of hypermnestra. This form 
is figured at 115e as the last figure but one, but has by oversight been given the incorrect name bogotana, while 
the name apicalis has slipped under the preceding figure, which represents a C. corviana. Of this local form, 
whose yellow colouring is subject to great variation in extent, MouLTron now describes a further subvariety 
from Brazil, which he calls burchelli. 
C. bogotana Fidr. in certain forms nearly approaches the preceding species, thus e. g. in the form cana 
Erichs., which on the upper surface has like hypermnestra hardly any yellow and only differs from the dark- 
dusted examples of the latter in its smaller size and darker margins and on the under surface in the considerably 
narrower subbasal band of the hindwing; other specimens again are almost entirely white, but nevertheless be- 
long no doubt in the bogotana series of forms. But that semifulva Fldr. (97 a) can be specifically identical with 
bogotana seems to me to be precluded by the fact that in addition to other differences the latter shows a narrow 
subbasal band on the underside of the hindwing. Colombia and Venezuela. 
C. semifulva Fldr. (97 a), likewise from Colombia, has the basal half of the forewing and the whole 
hindwing shot with dull ochre-yellow, the apical part of the forewing densely covered with white longitudinal 
spots. Not rare. 

"2 
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