thebais. 
galanthis. 
mars. 
polymela. 
syntyche. 
vulcanus. 
syene. 
isidora. 
TUSSEUS. 
cethus. 
itys. 
ellops. 
strigosa 
cacica. 
leopoldina 
578 ZARETES. By J. ROBER. 
it oceurs in the Antilles and in the whole district of Colombia and Venezuela as far as South Brazil. The 
scarlet oblique band of its forewings is broadly united with their red basal part at the cell-end. — The larva, 
according to W. MUELLER, lives in South Brazil on Casearia silvestris, has at each side of the head a short, 
slightly outwardly bent horn, being split at the top into three short dents; at the 5th ventral segment the 
dorsum is the highest, slanting obliquely and inclining gradually towards the rear, so that, at the beginning 
of the 5th ventral segment, the frontal line of the dorsum appears sharply broken. The head is in the last stage 
uniformly blackish-brown, as well as the ground-colour of the body, the whole part before the 5th ventral seg- 
ment is of a velvety black. From the dorsal point on the 5th ventral ring, a dark line runs posteriorly, tur- 
ning into a shadow beneath, the first 4 ventral rings have a light lateral line. In the first four stages the larva 
attaches pieces of leaves to the stripped rib of the leaf. The pupa is very compact and the segments 7 to 
12 are so much drawn in that they form a flat cone; it is green, diaphanous, the posterior part as well as the 
wing-case above the carina coloured with green, the carina of the wings and stigmata are brown. The pupa 
hardly moves, the eggs are almost spherical like a ball of which two differently large segments have been cut 
off; thus two plains are formed, the smaller one of which serves for the affixture; the larger one is finely dentate 
at its edge. 
S. thebais Fidr. (116 b) flies in Colombia, together with nemesis. It is not yet decided whether it 
is a proper species or an aberrative form of nemesis. The forewings resemble those of nemesis, but the hind- 
wings have an irregular, vertical band, whereas the preceding species exhibits only a small, preapical square 
spot, — galanthis Cr. occurring according to CRAMER in Surinam, according to Kirsy also in Colombia (?) 
and being apparently an entirely lost species, has, according to CRAMER’s figure, entirely rounded hindwings, 
but quite a similar marking of the upper surface as thebais, whereas the marking beneath differs from all the 
Siderone-species, because it fully corresponds with the upper surface and exhibits only duller colours. It is, 
therefore, very doubtful whether galanthis belongs into this genus at all. , 
S. mars Bates (116 b) from Chiriqui, Colombia, the Upper Amazon, and Peru is undoubtedly a 
species different from nemesis and thebais. Here the forewings exhibit a large transverse, scarlet crescentiform 
spot, similarly as we find the distribution of the red in different Agrias. — polymela G. and S. from the Chiri- 
qui has a faint, blue reflection of the black-coloured part of the forewings with the exception of the apex of 
the wings, and of the distal margin, whereas syntyche Hew. from Mexico and Guatemala has a reduced red 
area of the forewings and a broad area of a gorgeous blue reflection round the red basal part. — In vulecanus 
Fldr. from Colombia, the red crescentiform band is narrowed by the base of the area between the first and se- 
cond median veins, and a narrow stripe at the base of the wing along the median in the discocellular remaining 
black. 
62. Genus: Baretes Hbn. 
Up to some decades ago, this genus had been united with Siderone from which it does not differ in the 
structure of the organs, but very considerably by the habitus and the sexual dimorphism as well as by the 
entirely corresponding scheme of markings. Egg, larva and pupa are of a shape quite similar to those of Siderone 
nemesis, the food-plant is also the same (Casearia silvestris). A. SErTz says about the habits of the butterflies 
of Z. isidora that they make use of their leaf-like under surface and rest, like the Kallima, on bushes with dry 
leaves, placing the tail-like appendages of the hindwings on the stalk of the leaf, so that they appear them- 
selves as a dry leaf. The development from an egg to the imago lasts for about 9 to 10 weeks, according 
to W. MureLtter. — The genus contains only 2 species one of which varies extraordinarily. 
Z. syene Hew. (116 c) is known only from Colombia; the 2 seems not yet to be known. The ¢ is 
above yellowish-brown, with dark markings, in the centre of the forewings mostly two small hyaline spots 
of varying size. 
Z. isidora Cr. (116 c) from Surinam, Colombia, but occurring also still much more to the south, 
has in the male sex no hyaline spots of the forewings, in the female sex two of them. Whereas syene has a 
darkened marginal half of the hindwings, isidora exhibits a broad black distal margin of the forewings. — 
russeus Fruhst. lying before us from Colombia, has a somewhat less black marking of the upper surface and 
a small hyaline spot between the first and second median veins. — zethus |Westw. (= strigosus Gmel.?) from 
the Lower Amazon and Paraguay, is in the male sex very similar to cyclopia, but it has 2 hyaline spots. The 
© has the same markings except that it lacks the hyaline spots but it has a reddish-yellow ground-colouring. 
— itys Cr. from Surinam is a female aberrative form in which the black costal-marginal spot of the forewings 
is prolonged as far as into the black apical distal margin. — ellops Mén. from Central America, Colombia and 
. Venezuela is a form being in both sexes pale-coloured and little marked, with two hyaline spots. — strigosa 
Stgr. (116 c) is the most common, South Brazilian form. — The largest form of this species is eacica Stgr. (116 d) 
from Peru and Bolivia. The number of the hyaline spots is variable, these spots may also be absent altogether. 
. — leopoldina Fruhst. (116 c) from the Brazilian colony of Leopoldina makes the impression of a special species, 
