174 CALLITAERA. By G. Weymer. 



scarcely be distinguished from the dried fohage and are not noticed until they fly up. Herr Haensch, 

 who has been kind enough to give me these notes on the habits of the Satyrids, for which I am much 

 indebted to him, has observed that specimens when pursued lay down flat on the dry leaves on the 

 ground and could then only be found by startling them up. The transparent species of Callitaera and 

 Haetera, as well as the nearly allied Pierella, are always found in the shady timber-forests, mostly singly 

 near the ground, and prefer the narrow foot-paths. When one comes near them, they rise at a distance 

 of a few paces and fly along the path close to the ground, soon settling again, but only again to fly 

 off on being pursued. In this way the weak-flighted insects may often be followed for quite a distance, 

 until, leaving the path, they are lost in the wood. The least shy of light are the genera Oxeoschistus, 

 Lasiophila, PedaUodes and Corades, thus in general the most brightly coloured forms. These are fre- 

 quently mountain species, occurring at elevations of over 2000 m. They are met with gregariously flut- 

 tering backwards and forwards on the road or feeding on the ground at the excrement of cattle and other 

 foul substances, but always near to thickets, where thej^ take refuge in danger. The species of Corades 

 are not easy to recognize in a bush, as they rest on twigs with the wings closed after the manner of 

 Kallima. 



The Satyrids are distributed in America from the extreme south (Tierra del Fuego) to the arctic 

 regions of the far north. Tierra del Fuego produces an Erebia and a Cosmosatyrus, whilst in the northern 

 region occur, besides representatives of the genus Erebia, also of the genera Coenonymplia, Satyrodes- and 

 Oeneis. In the high mountains of South America the Satyrids ascend to the snow-line and hence we find 

 in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia even at elevations of over 4000 m. single representatives of the 

 genera PedaUodes, Lymanofoda, Pseudomaniola and Cosmosatyrus. Among these inhabitants of the moun- 

 tains there are some species which are verj^ local and only have a limited range of distribution. Hence 

 on closer investigation of such remote, hitherto little explored districts new forms are still found. 



1. Genus: Callitaera Btlr. 



Delicate butterflies with thin body, transparent, thinly scaled, rounded wings, small, sparsely 

 haired palpi, thin antennae, only a little thickened apicaUjr. The costal vein of the forewing is strongly 

 swollen at the base, the median on the other hand but little, the submedian is basally forked. Two sub- 

 costal veins arise before the end of the cell, the upper discocellular is absent. In the hindwing in this 

 and the 2 following genera the costal and subcostal veins arise from the base near together. The lower 

 discocellular runs into the origin of the upper median vein. — The species are distributed over tropical 

 South and Central America. They fh- slowh' and low in the early morning hours in dark timber-forests. 

 Several of the species are very similar and all are of nearly the same size. 



menander. C. menander Drury (= andromeda F. (pt.)) (42 a). Forewing mth the margins narrowly dusted 



with brownish and 2 fine brown transverse lines, one rimning through the middle of the cell, the other 

 across the discocellulars, but both extending from the costal to the inner margin. On the hindwing near 

 the distal margin and apex a round black ej^e surrounded by a yellow and a brown ring and with a 

 white pupil, which, however, is not placed in the middle but at the distal margin of the black part. The 

 inner transverse line of the forewing is continued indistinctly on the hindwing, the outer one is somewhat 

 broader and more band-like, forms on the anterior median vein a distally directed, acute angle and then 

 extends to the hiudmargin. The posterior part of the distal margin is narrowly edged with brownish and 

 the space between it and the above-mentioned band is light rose-red, especially in the (S- — Central 

 America. Colombia. 



pireia. C. pireta Cr. (42 a) is very similar to the preceding species and differs from it chiefly in having in 



the posterior half of the hindwing near the brown distal-marginal stripe a further brown submarginal 

 stripe, which is not present in menander. AU these stripes, marginal, submarginal and outer median, are 

 covered, as it were, by the hght rose-red colour. — From the Upper Amazon, Ecuador. 



aurora. C. aurora Fldr. is similar to the preceding species, but according to the original discription is not 



marked with purple but pale lilac in the posterior part of the hindwing and is dusted ■with ochre-yellow, 

 and also has the ocelh on the wings elongated. The figm-e of aurora in Staudingee's exotic work pi. 77 

 does not agree ^vith this. This figure I regard as belonging rather to the following aurorina; aurora Fldr. 

 aurorina. occurs in Colombia and North Brazil. — aurorina form. nov. (= aurora Stgr. nee Fldr.) (42 a). I give this 

 name to the form similar to pireta Cr., in which the Ught rose- or pm'ple-red colour of the hindwing 

 extends from the distal margin into the ceU and nearly reaches the base of the ^ving. From Colombia and 

 the Upper Amazon. 



pelhwida. C. pellucida Btlr. (42 b) is a species similar to menander Drury, in which the rose-red dusting is 



entirely absent. The brown marginal band and the similarly colom-ed submarginal band of the hind^\dng 



DS1 



