272 PRONOPHILA. By G. Wbymer. 



protogenia. 0. protogcilia Hew. (59 a). The bright red-yellow band of the upper surface is especially broad on the 



hindwing and the row of brown spots placed in it is complete. On the underside of the hindwing the basal 

 transverse line is absent, by which the species may be known. Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia. 



eurypMlc. 0. eufyphile Btlr. (= euriphyle) (59 a. Upper surface. The U on the plate is incorrect). May be konwn 



by the light yellow colour of the band, which on the upperside only shades off somewhat into red-yellow in its 

 distal part, but on the underside into white, and on the forewing is entirely broken up into spots. Beneath 

 the forewing has 4 ocelli and before the apex several white spots, the hindwing in the proximal part some 

 light markings and distally a row of eye-spots. From Costa Rica (Irazu), Panama (Chiriqui). 



liilarus. 0. hilarus Bates. Instead of the band there are here on the upper surface 2 rows of small, irregu- 



larly placed red-yellow spots on both wings. On the under surface of the forewing the spots are white and some 

 of them joined together in pairs. Between them are placed black spots bordered with red-yellow. Hindwing 

 brown, all the veins white, 2 sulphur-yellow transverse bands cross the middle, so that a latticed pattern 

 is formed. In addition a white dentate line is placed at the margin. Guatemala (Volcan de Puego, Cerro 

 Zunil, Purula), Mexico (Xantipa and Omilteme in Guerrero). 



55. Gattuiig': Proiioi>Iiila Westw. 



In consequence of the division proposed by Butler only a few out of the large number of Pronophila 

 species figured and described by Westwood, Hewitson, Felder and others are still regarded as belonging in 

 this genus, and indeed only those which are similar in shape and markings to the first two species cited by 

 Westwood (thelebe and Cordillera). The greater part of the others form the present genus Pedaliodes Btlr. 

 (p. 250). The Pronophila species (in the restricted sense) have broad wings, the hindwing nearly round with 

 the distal margin more or less xuidulate, the inner margin of the forewing comparatively long, its distal 

 margin consequently vertical (not oblique) and nearly straight. On the underside of the forewing almost all 

 bear a row of black eye-spots with blue pupils; the upper surface is black-brown, sometimes unicolprous, 

 sometimes with white, brownish red or grey-brown spots before the apex of the forewing. They are mostly rather 

 large butterflies, and inhabit the high Andes from Central America to Bolivia. 

 limanthcs. P. tlmanthes Salv. (59 a upper arid under surface). The black spots, which on the upperside are 



placed on the long brownish red oval patches, bear on the under surface blue pupils. Costa Rica (Irazu), Panama 

 intcrcidona. (Chiriqui). — intercidona Thieme (59 a) may perhaps be regarded as a form of timanthes in which the proxi- 

 mal halves of the oval patches are wanting with the exception of the anterior ones and which has these spots 

 brilliant golden brown. Sometimes there is further a red spot between the 2nd and 3rd median veins. From 

 Ecuador (Santa Inez). 



deverra. P. deverra Thieme has before the distal margin of the forewing a row of light reddish spots, the anterior 



ones somewhat larger. The under surface resembles that of Pron.. thelebe (59 b), especially the hindwing. On 



the forewing the macular band is continued further, to the inner margin, and is not white, but'has the light 



reddish brown colour of the upper surface. From Ecuador. 



/ assarhad- P. assarhaddon Thieme (= rosenbergi Lathy) (59 b). Above black-brown, at the base somewhat hghter, 



^<"'- the forewing with the same white macular band as on the figured under surface. Hindwing only with the tips 



of the fringes between the veins white. Ecuador (Santa Lucia) (Haensch). 



thelebe. P. thelebe Dbl. <&• He2v. (59 b) is the best known species of the genus. The white spots on the 



upper surface vary in number, size and shape. Examples from Peru and Bolivia are more copiously spotted 



with white than those from more northerly localities. The $ has the ground-colour of the upperside much 



paler brown and the hindwing is more strongly dentate. Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia. — 



ohscura. obscura Btlr. is probably a thelebe form. According to Butler's description the colouring of the upper 

 surface is as in thelebe. Hence we must assume that the upperside has white spots on the forewing. But 

 the under surface, which Butler figures, shows no such spots, only the apex is whitish. The 4 black eye- 

 spots with light blue pupils are placed in the disc in a straight row on a dark ground. The underside 

 of the hindwing is almost exactly like our figure of thelebe, pi. 59 b. Venezuela. 2 examples in the Brit. Museum. 

 thclchina. — thelcbina Thieme (59 b) is a further form of thelebe, somewhat smaller and with smaller white spots, only 

 the first is the same length as in thelebe and bears above a black dot at its proximal end. The hindwing 

 is smooth-margined. On the under surface the ocelli and the red dots are indistinct, as also are the mark- 

 ings on the hindwing. Colombia (Rio Dagua), Peru (Chanchamayo), Bolivia (Yungas de la Paz). 



brennus. P, brennus Thieme (59 c upper and under surface). The row of pale brown spots oil the upper 

 surface is sometimes dirty white or reddish ; sometimes there is also a further small red-yellow spot at the proxi- 

 mal side of the first of these spots. In the $ the ground-colour is not so deep black as in the (J, hence 

 the row of ej^e-spots on the iinder surface is sometimes visible in the $ on the upperside also, as was the 

 case in one of the examples found hj Fassl. Hitherto only found in western Colombia, in the Cauca Valley 

 by Hahnel, Popayan and Rio Dagua by Kalbreyer, Rio Agna Valley by Fassl,. ^^ 



