300 OPSIPHANES. By H. Fruhstorfer. 



although still stronglj- undulate (particularly at the median vems), near the distal margin with complete band, 

 well developed to the hmder angle, its posterior part more or less shot with reddish, somewhat weakly 

 coloured"; there is also a faint rust-red tinge in the part of the wing which adjoins this anterio^l3^ $ of the 

 same shape as the preceding subspecies, as a rule with the ground-colour somewhat paler, foreM'hig not essen- 

 tially different, the liindwing near the distal margin with a very broad band, which is anteriorly pale to red- 

 yellow, from the middle onwards changes gradually into a bright rust-red and ^posteriorly is diffused into a 

 large, vaguely defined rust-red area, gradually shading mto the ground-colour. Forms transitions to the 

 preceding race. Larva cylindrical, thickened in the middle, green, sprinkled with white dots, further with dark 

 dorsal and lateral Imes and stripes and yellow stigmata. Head yellowdsh, brown-striped, with reddish honis. 

 Anal end with long tail-fork. Lives on palms. (According to Bitrimeister, Pavonia quiteria.) meridionalis 

 differs from philon, apart from its smaller size, chiefly in having the band of the forewuig in the (J broader and 

 paler yellow, in the 2 narrower and more sharply defiued. The liindwmg has the anterior part lighter and 

 the anal area clearer red-brown than in philon, also the general colouruig of the under surface is always paler, 

 more washed out, with the submargmal area predominantly yellow, hence more gaily coloured than in more 

 northerly forms. The yellow oblic^ue band on the forewing beneath appreciably narrower than in 

 philon, also m the 2. Santa Catharma, probably also in Parana; not yet observed m Rio Grande do Sul. In 

 Sao Paulo and Paraguay on the other hand transitions occur and the examples before me approximate to philon 

 in the deep colour of the under surface, to meridioiialis in the narrow band on the forewing beneath, and differ 

 from both m the more extended and much darker chestnut-brown tinge of the anal area on the upperside of the 

 oresbios. huidwmg. If this race is constant it might be called oresbios subsp. nov. 

 badivs. C. badius Stich. HindA'iTng strongly dentate. Band of the forewing contracted into a narrow yelloMdsh 



white macular band. This is placed close to the cell, touching its posterior angle, but is anteriorty more or less 

 mdistmct as far as the subcostal and runs obliquely nearly to the distal margm at the lower median vem. 

 Sometimes it is prolonged bej^ond this into a curved point at the hmder angle. Hindwmg without spots and 

 bands, but strongly tinged with rust-red m the anal and basal area. Under surface very brightly marked 

 and differmg from the preceding subspecies onlj' in the narrower band of the forewuig. The $ (hitherto unknown) 

 is considerably larger than the cJ. Forewuig predommantly black, only towards the base slightly tuiged with 

 rust -red • — the pure white oblique band about three times as broad as m the ^ ; hindwmg deep rust-red with 

 narrow black terminal border, o verj^ similar to quirinus Godm. $, however, larger. Band of the forewuig 

 more broken, hindmng above without the subapical rudiments of a yellowish band. The white transverse 

 band on the imderside of the forewuig considerably broader even than above, also more extended than in quirinus. 

 iadius was united hj Stichel with quiteria. But the discovery of two further races more nearty allied to qui- 

 rinits makes it seem advisable to raise this form, wliich is strikuigly different in the (J, to specific rank. Loca- 

 lity Muzo, 400—800 m., Colombia. 

 camcna. 0. camena Stgr. Dark broA^ii. Basal area paler brown, apical part black-brown. Distallj^ to the cell 



runs a narrow ochre-yellow macular band, which is anteriorly closed and obliquely placed, shai'jily angled in 

 posterior direction on the lower radial, and broken up into separate, irregular spots standing in the uiterneural 

 spaces. It terminates in a double spot in the hinder angle, iramediatelj^ before the submedian. Near the apex 

 there is a small white double spot and beliind it a someAvhat larger white spot. Under surf ace pale brown with den- 

 tate and curved lines, which form irregular darker figures. Xear the apex the three small white spots of the 

 upper surface, between the radials a black, jrellowish-rmged e^^e-spot finely bordered with black-brown. Distal 

 area brown, posteriorly yellowish, near the margui two dentate lines, which disappear towards the hmder 

 angle. Hmdwing with the distal margui strongly undulate, with ochre-yellow lunular spots and a row of curved 

 or limular spots of the same colour near the distal margui, as well as the two hair-pencils, ui the cell and 

 at the submedian, characteristic of the group. Under- surface pale brown. Anteriorly, somewhat beyond the 

 middle of the costal margui, a large, oval, obliquely placed ej^e-spot, wliich is proximally clouded mth broAvii, 

 beai"s a white cuiwed streak and is margined with black-brown. A second, rounded eye-spot beyond the cell near 

 the hinder angle is black, dusted with yelloivisli, anteriorly edged Avith white, ringed with j^ellow-browai and fuie- 

 ly margined \^-itli black-broAvn. Costal margui strigulated with white. Across the cell runs an irregular brown 

 transverse band; base of the -wing dark broA^ai. The rest of the A^dngs clouded, striated and marbled with black- 

 brown. Not far from the distal margin there is a row of lunular spots composed of very dense striation, showing 

 up lighter against the darkened distal border. $ larger than the o > apex of the forewing less produced, subapical 

 patches purer white, all the ochre-yellow bands strikuigly widened and lighter, particularly on the forewing, 

 basal area and cell of the forewing as well as the whole upper surface of the hindwing rust-red. The black sub- 

 margmal band of the liindwing bordered with ochre-yellow on both surfaces. ForeAving beneath with broad 

 Avhitish, purple-tmged transcellular area, the submedian area broadly ochre-yellow to the base. Hindwing 

 lighter broAvii Avitli lighter bordering to the ocelli than in the (J. Colombia, West Cordillera, Rio Aguaca Valley, 

 about 2000 m. Accordmg to Fassl the egg is similar uiBize and shape to that of 0. hogotanus Dist. ; it is merely 

 more green-yellow and less transparent ; the longitudinal grooves have shai-per edges. He more than once ob- 

 served the eggs laid on the underside of the leaves of a species of palm with non-featherj' fronds of a metre in 

 length, in groups of 4 — 12, arranged in 1 or 2 rows, regularly one beside another. Whilst hogotanus inhabits 



