302 • OPSIPHANES. By H. Fruhstorfer. 



Distinguishable from the latter, apait from its smaller size, chiefly by the undulate distal margin of the hindwing, 

 the finer striation on the under surface and the more pointed apex of the forewing. Guiana, northern Brazil, Vene- 

 ledon. zuela. — ledon stibsp. nov. forms a transition from invirae Hhn. to intermedins Stick, from the Upper Amazon and 

 differs from the name-type in its larger size and the darker oblique band of the forewing, which is narrowed 

 intermedius. towards the costa, and posteriorly runs out into quite a narrow point. Lower Amazon. — intermedius Stick. 

 is larger, band of the forewing much widened, of a somewhat darker reddish ochre-brown colour, proximally 

 ^ with a strongly projecting tooth, at this point 8 mm. in breadth, at both sides without or only with very 



slight notches on the veins, towards the end rapidly narrowed, terminating in a sharp point. The band is thus 

 nearly straight to beyond the submedian and only somewhat curved at the posterior end. Band of the hind- 

 wing narrow, anteriorly of an indefinite ochre-yellow, almost broken up into loosely connected spots, towards 

 the hinder angle riist-red and more continuous, but ill-defined. Under surface more brightly coloured, but the 



sticheli. striation fine and regular. Upper Amazon. — sticheli Rob. has the band of the forewing in the (^ light ochre- 

 yellow, posteriorly pretty uniformly narrowed, between the upper and middle median veins incised ; it terminates 

 in a small elongate spot before the submedian. Band of the hindwmg anteriorly marked by three separate 

 small yellowish spots; it widens at the lower radial into dull rust-red, connected, cr^scentic spots and is 

 diffused in. the hinder angle. Somewhat variable in the composition of the band on the hindwing and the breadth 

 of that on the forewing and in general very similar to the typical subspecies. The hitherto unknown 9 approach- 

 es anvplijicatus Stick, from Paraguay; band of the forewing somewhat narrower, more strongly dentate proxi-' 

 mally between the medians, of somewhat more reddish yellow colour. On the hindwing the three subapical anterior 

 spots stand out more distinctly from the posterior bright rust-red part of the band, which is more broadly 

 diffuse anally. Under surface darker than in anvplificatus, approximating more to that of remoliatus Frukst. 

 in the deep ochre-yellow anal band on the forewing. Colombia, type probably from the Cauca Valley, both 



amplifi- sexes also found bj' Fassl on the Upper Rio Negro at about 800 m. — amplificatus Stick, is a tj'pical Para- 

 caius. guay butterfly, of small size, smaller than remoliatus, with somewhat lighter ochre-yellow band on the forewing, 

 and more closely and sharpty dentate submarginal band on the hind'WTng, ? with predominantly yellow trans- 

 verse band on the forewing and paler, posteriorly only inappreciably red-brown submarginal area. Under sur- 

 remoliaius. face strikingly pale. Ocelli smaller than in remoliatus. Paraguay. — remoliatus Frukst. (61a (S; 5 61a as me- 

 ridionalis). (J: small apical spots yellow instead of white. $: apical spots larger and purer white. Transverse 

 band of both wings darker ochreous, more sharply defined especially in the proximal part, and the band 

 • of the hindwing in the (J costally narrower, anally broader, darker rust-red. Distal border of the hindwing 

 more broadly black, wings still less excised. Under surface with darker hatching, ocelli larger than in amplifi- 

 catus. Larva on Giriva leaves, where it is difficult to find on account of its green colour. Pupates in November 

 or December and again in June. The pupa is light green with a golden dot at each side. The butterfly emerges 

 after 20 — 30 days; it is mostly common and hides among palms. cJ type from Santa Catharina, $ type from 

 Rio Grande do Sul. In the latter province remoliatus is by far the commonest species of Opsipkanes. Accord- 

 ing to 12 (J(J and 10 $$ in coll. Fruhstorfer it is very constant, varying only inconsiderably in size and not 

 agasthenes. at all in colouring. — agasthenes Frukst differs from amplijicatus Stick, in its larger size; much darker 

 colouring; oblique band of the forewing in 2 examples deeply incised beyond the cell as in quiteria, band of 

 the forewing behind the cell with unusually strong teeth ; band of the hmdwing rather narrow, sometimes almost 

 like a string of psarls, but posterior^ widened and rust-red. Under surface much darker, all the ocelli larger 



reciifas- and more broadly rmged ^vith black, rectifasciata Frukst. is is an aberration in colour markings. Band of the 

 data, forewing narrower, darker ochre-yellow, running almost rectilinearly, i. e. neither proximally nor distally 

 isagoras. considerablj^ incised. Peru: Pozuzo. — isagoras Frukst. In accordance with its geographical position isagoras 

 approximates more to amplificatus Stick, than to agastkenes. It differs from both: in the more ample transverse 

 bands of the forewing, deeply incised proximally, recalling quiteria, and the extended submarginal bands of the 

 hindwing, which are especiallj^ strongly widened costally and are anally lighter red than in androstkenes. Beneath 

 the forewing is lighter, the hindwing darker than in amplificatus ; the anal ocellus of the hindwing larger, more 



pseiido- oblong. Bolivia: Cochabamba. — pseudophilon Frukst. (61 d $). Habitus about as in amplificatus Stick. 



pMlon. from Paraguay. Yellow band of the fore^^'ing strongly curved, particularly beyond the cell. Band of the hind- 

 wing light 3'ellow to the upper median, then much widened, as a dark brown continuation, but sharply defined 

 to the anal angle. Both the yellow and the red-brown section of the band distally much more deeply incised 

 than in any other invirae form. In the cell of the forewing in the $ near the apex the beginning of a reddish 

 yellow patch. Espiritu Santo. 



0. cassina cannot be separated beneath from 0. invirae by any very salient character, but may be easily 

 known above by a mostly complete, nearly quadrate, ochre-yellow or rust-red spot before the apex of the 

 cell of the forewing. cassina is at the same time confined more to the northern part of the range of invirae, it 

 extends indeed on the Andean side parallel with invirae and quiteria as far as Bolivia, but on the Atlantic coast 

 it probably does not reach bej'ond the Lower Amazon and so far as our present knowledge goes is already 

 wantmg in Central Brazil. It would appear that the dry climate of the provinces of Piauhy, Ceara and Bahia, 



iabncii. which, however, are practical^ unexplored, stands in the way of its spreading in this direction. — fabricii 

 Bdv. (61 d), previous^ knowm from Guatemala to Panama, was quite recently sent to me also from Tejaic, 

 West Mexico. The cJo of this subspecies are mostly small mth the apex of the forcMTiag but little pointed, 



