OPSIPHANES. By H. Fruhstorfer. 303 



the distal boundary of the distmctly forked band little or not at all constricted. In the $$ the proximal forked 

 part is mostly obsolete in the cell, the colour of the cell itself ferruginous. Hind wing only in the anterior 

 part Avitli ill-defmed submarginal band, this fades out between the radials, clianging into rust-brown and grey- 

 red, and this colour spreads over almost the whole surface of the wing, starting from the anal part. The form 

 recurs in Colombia and western Ecuador with trifling modifications, the (J(^ are onanax-erage somewhat larger 

 and more brightly coloured, without, however, any specific distinguishing marks being recognizable. The dis- 

 tribution of 0. c. fabricii may therefore be accepted as given above. — chiriquensis Stick, seems to occur chiriquen- 

 exclusively at the Volcan de Cliiriqui, Costa Rica. Of considerable size, S with the apex rather pointed and the ^^^' 

 distal margm of the forewmg strongly convex posteriorly. Band of the latter very broad throughout, bright rust- 

 yellow, distal boundary but little constricted, in this respect almost agreeing with fabricii. Fork distiiact, prox- 

 imal part broad iii the cell, narrowly connected with the main band. Costal margin of the hindwing broadly 

 reddish to the upper radial, particularly at the base and at the apex. Band of the hindwing very broad, broader 

 than in an\ other form of the species, anteriorly red-yellow, in the middle changing into rust-red, towards the 

 hinder angle widened, without becoming diffuse. Under surface especially bright. $ very dark brown, band 

 of the forewing broadly yellowish, fork distinct. Hindwing near the distal margin with broad band, which 

 is anteriorly yellowish, then widened and ii\st-red, in the anal area broadly diffuse, as in invirae ampUficatus. 

 — numatius »iibsp. nov., from C olombia without more exact locality, approaches chiriquensis in size, but in the numaiius. 

 shape of the bands more resembles the more southerly notandus, differing, however, from both in having the prox- 

 imal cell-spot of the forewmg free and vinusually elevated at its distal end. Band of the hindwing much as 

 in the broad-banded fabricii, but posteriorly darker rust-red. The under surface also much deeper, darker 

 brown: apical eye-spot of the hindwing more broadly and distinctly ringed with brown than in fabricii. ■ — 

 periphetes subsp. nov., which may be distinguished from numatius by its small size, approaches merianae from peripJiefes. 

 Surin am in this as well as in the strikingly narrowed submarginal band of the hindwing, which sometimes dis- 

 appears altogether at the upper median. It also agrees with merianae in having the ochreous transverse band 

 of the forewing considerably narrowed towards both the costal margin and the anal angle. Colombia; more 

 exact locality unknoMTi. — cassina Fldr., type in the Tring Museum, was first brought to Europe from the Upper cassbm. 

 Rio_Negi:Q.. q comparatively large, length of the forewing 42 mm. Band of the forewing broad, about as in 

 0. quiteria meridionalis Stgr., also resembling this in the shape, i. e. distal border without constriction, regularly 

 oblicjue, directed towards the inner angle. Proximal part of the fork formed by the discocellular obscure and 

 present as an isolated spot. The band of the hindwing rather broad next to the apex, gradually narrowing and 

 changing into a rust-red colour, vaguely diffused at the anal angle. — merianae Stick, is the form indigenous merianae. 

 to Guiana , with distinctly forked band, the c? with very pointed apex and strongly convex distal margin to 

 the fore's^'ing. This form may be easily and certainly distinguished from all others by the shape of the forked 

 oblique band of the forewing. At the fork the band as a rule projects proximad as far as the angle at the origin 

 of the middle median, its distal boundary is strongly constricted between the middle and upper medians, and it 

 runs into the inner angle essentially narrowed, pointed and somewhat curved. The constriction at the distal 

 boundary and the narrowing behind this constriction are quite characteristic. The submarginal band of the 

 hind^mig is moderately narrow, sometimes complete, sometimes reaching only to one-half or beyond it; 

 as a rule it becomes darker brown towards the anal angle, but not rust-red. 9 similar to that of the pre- 

 ceding form, but smaller, less intensively coloured, the submarginal band of the hindwing not widened in the 

 anal part to the same extent as in that, and not much diffused. — aequatorialis Stick., from eastern Ecuador, aequafo- 

 Similar to the preceding. Forewing with the fork of the band incomplete, the spot placed in the cell, however, "" '®" 

 is connected posteriorly with the proximally projecting tooth of the main part of the band, only separated by 

 the median. The distal boundary of the band is not essentially constricted, and is as in cassina cassina. The 

 band of the hindwing starts close to the apex as a continuous row of ochre-yellow spots, terminates at the 

 upper median vein, there changing to deep rust-red but not diffused; it remains in its whole course approxi- 

 mately uniformly narrow, its posterior part is occasionally blurred. $ with the oblique band of the fore- 

 wing bone-yellow, in the anterior part cpite white. The part of the fork placed in the cell is always incomplete 

 and indistinct. Band of the hindwing anteriorly ochre-yellow near the distal margin, changing at the upper 

 median vein into a deep rust-red or red-brown colour; in the hinder angle this spreads oiit anteriorly as far 

 as the cell. • — notandus Stick. Similar to the preceding subspecies, mostly still larger and more brightly notandus. 

 coloured. ^ : main part of the band of the forewing somewhat narrowed distally to the cell, broken, with long 

 teeth oh the veins. Hindwing less relieved with reddish at the costal margin, a stripe before the entire length 

 of the subcostal always brown. The band towards the distal margin rather broad, anteriorly paler, posteriorly 

 bright red-brown. 5 : resembling that of aequatorialis, the fork in the band of the forewing somewhat narrower, 

 the branch placed in the cell broader and more complete, the distal boundary of the main part more distinctly 

 notched at the veins, the band on the whole somewhat broader, so that the angle at the origin of the upper 

 median vein is entirely filled up (as far as available material indicates). Peru. For the sake of clearness I here 

 recapitulate the range of these three difficult species, which occur together in the following forms: 



