S08 



OPSIPHANES. By H. FRTJHSTORI-Eft. 



but tlie band is paler in colour, occasionally likewise washed-out and somewhat darkened, always narrower 

 than in the type-form; it remains as a rule somewhat removed from the end of the cell, more rarely slightly 

 touchuig it at the origin of the lower radial. Hmdwing in the cJ unicolorous or only with indistinct or clouded 

 remams of the margmal band ; ui the $ the posterior part of this band is present, but dull, anteriorly it is obsolete 

 mUlas. or transformed mto small dull spots. Guiana and Lower Amazon. — midas Stick. Type from Coca in East 

 Ecuador. <S : ground-colour dark black-brown. Band of the forewmg less shai-ply bent than m the typical sub- 

 species, forming at the proximal boundary only a slight curve, at the distal an obtuse angle m the upper 

 median cellule. Proximally it is but little incised at the veins, at the middle median occasionally somewhat 

 more strongly, distally it is more broken and less sharply defined. In the hindwing there is a narrow rust- 

 yellow distal band, which starts posteriorly in a pomt, in the hinder angle immediately adjoins the distal 

 margm, and is there broadest, about 4 — 5 mm., is then removed to about the same distance from the margin, 



luxuriosa. narrowed and broken up into spots. — luxuriosa Stidi. ^•. differing from the preceding in having the band 

 of the hindwing only present as a broad rust-yellow spot in the anal angle, about from the submedian to the 

 upper median. The distal margin otherwise unicolorous. Band of the forewing broad, the distal boundary 

 somewhat dentate and angled, the proximal likewise incised at the veins, fillmg the upper part of the cell. Ocelli 

 on the underside of the hindwing large and brightly marked. Each surrounded by a broad rust-yellow patch, 

 the patches connected so as to form a smuous undulate band, in which the ocelli are placed. Length of the fore- 

 wing 49 — 50 mm. $ larger than the <J, ground-colour lighter. Band of the forewing extenduig considerably 

 into the distal part of the cell, so much so indeed, that the latter is filled up with rust-yellow from the upper angle 



viccnciona. to the origin of the middle median. Length of the forewmg 54 mm. Colombia (Muzo?). — vicenciona s'libs-p. 

 nov. somewhat resembles unditaenia above in the band of the hindwing, on the other hand that of the forewing, as in 

 luxuriosa Stick., touches the apex of the cell, but is distally even somewhat more broken and anally narrowed. Before 

 the cell-wall, just at the origin of the lower radial, stands a circular spot, which is not broadly diffuse as in 

 luxuriosa. Subterminal band of the hmdwing deeper reddish yellow than in unddtaenia, anteriorly not broken 

 up into separate spots and anally extending to the distal margin, thus somewhat widened. Under surface: 

 cells red-brown, but the apical part and the whole submarginal area of the forewing grey-violet, hindwmg 

 with four green-pupilled posterior eye-spots and two anterior ones filled up with reddish. East Colombia, Villa- 

 adjecta. vicencio, 400 m. (Fa,ssl leg.). — adjecta <S<('cA. 3* above deep black-brown. The band of the forewmg proximally 

 touches the discocellulars and is gently bent, not angled as in the typical sitbspecies, also somewhat broader 

 on an average. Distal margmal band of the hmdwing towards the hinder angle considerably widened, anteriorly 

 narrower, at the apex tapering* to a point and in the anterior half somewhat removed from the margin. The 

 bands of both wings bright reddish ochreous. Under surface, as in the following subspecies, brightly coloured, 

 the distal eye-spots occasionally developed into a complete cham across the entire breadth of the wing. Bo- 

 herecyn- livia, Amazons (in transitions). — berecynthina Hopff. (= vercingetorix Stgr.). i^: band of the forewing proxi- 

 thina. mally widened in such a way that the angle is comjDletely filled in and the boundary -line runs m a curve. The 

 proximal boundary occasionally crosses the distal part of the cell, the discocellular, however, remaming brown. 

 In this case its margin is incised at the median and anteriorly m the cell vaguely dusted. At the distal bomidary 

 the angle in the upper median cellule is, however, more distinct. The posterior part and the point at the extre- 

 mity are much broader than m the tj'pical subspecies. Hindwing at the distal margm with an entire-marguaed 

 band, which starts in a pomt at the hindmargm, quite near the hinder angle, soon widens to a breadth of 

 8 — 9 mm., anteriorly is gi'adually narrowed agam and somewhat removed from the margin, and terminates 

 almost in a point in the apical area. In transitional specimens the band is narrower in the posterior part, the 

 narrowmg less gradual and the anterior part more or less broken up into spots. $: the band of the forewing 

 crosses the distal part of the cell, at least its posterior angle ; band of the hmdwmg similar to that of the (J, 

 but still broader, up to 12 mm. The bands of both wings paler in colour than in the (J, the brown ground- 

 colour also less deep, the eye-spot of the under surface between the radials of the forewing showing through 



unditaenia. strongly above as a filled-up black circle. Peru, Bolivia. — unditaenia Frukst. (64 a) was already known 

 to HuBNEB and figured by him as berecynthia. But Hubner's and our figures differ considerably from Cra- 

 mer's name-type: 1) in having the band of the forewing not elbowed or angled, but forming a neat curve; 

 2) in the broader and more intensively red-yellow bands of both wmgs; 3) in the brighter red-brown under 

 surface. These three differences at once characterize the new local form which has not hitherto been noticed 

 and in which the bands are almost as much widened as in the tj^ical berecyntkia Cr. $$, but brighter coloured 

 and more sharply defmed. I have seen no examples m which the black border occupies the entire distal margm, 

 as in HtJBNER's figure. In my Rio q^ this border only reaches to the upper median; this and some other varia- 

 tions are naturally unimportant and mostty individual. In respect of the tertiary'- sexual characters, xinditaenia 

 differs from the tj^pe ui four modifications : 1 ) the much longer and denser hair-tuft at the mner margm of the 

 forewing; 2) the scent-pencil at the upper cell-wall of the hmdwing much stronger and completely covered 

 by this hair-tuft ; 3) the entirety black hair-pencil (m berecyntkia basally yellow); 4) the longer hair-tuft in the 

 shiny scent-cavity of the submedian. Coll. Fruhstorfer, type 1 cj from Rio de Janeiro, accordmg to Stichel 

 1 example from Sao Paulo in coll. Statjdinger. 



