310 ERYPHANIS. By H. Fruhstoefee. 



ampZior.' wing only towards the costa slightly lighter. Villa vicencio. East Colombia,_400 m. • — amplior Stick. An 

 intermediate form between cassiope and Cassiopeia. Smaller than the latter. Band of the forewmg broader, 

 bright orange-yellow, margins less dentate. Submarginal band of the hindwmg narrower than m the precedmg, 

 but distinct, luidulate (crescentic), present from the costa to the lower median, then obsolete, shading into the 

 grormd-colour. Length of the forewmg 54 mm. 1 ^, from Colombia. This form also occurs on the Lower 



theognis. Amazon as an aberration together with the type-form. 1 3* in coll. Feuhstoefer from Obidos. — theognis 

 Fruhsi., from Matto Grosso, is a further intermediate form comiecting cassiope, Cassiopeia and placentia and 

 differmg from all three m having the band on the forewing brighter red-yellow but much narrower. The hind- 

 wmg has a grey-brown distal border composed of crescentic patches filled in with deep black, and a distmct 

 longitudinal luie, anteriorly somewhat ochreous, analty red-brown. Under surface lightened as in Cassiopeia, 

 placentia. — placentia suhsp. nov. o : intermediate between theognis and Cassiopeia Stgr., but approximatmg more to the 

 neighbourmg race from Brazil. Band of the forewmg more regular, broader and of lighter yellowish ground- 

 colour. Hmdwmg with the markmgs more washed-out, the black submarginal band in particular more broken 

 up, the yellowish postdiscal band anally lighter. Under surface with more extended dark shading in the distal 

 area, with more prominent black lines. Coroico, Bolivia, 1200 m. 

 ' andromeda.' 0. andromeda Stick, ^ojfvia. A handsome species. Oblique band of the forewmg broader than m 



cassiope, fiery rust-yellow, at both sides darker and with dashes projectmg mto the ground-colour. Distal 

 margin of the hindwmg broad, over % of the latter fiery rust-yellow, proximally darker, gradixally shadmg 

 into the ground-colour. Nest to the distal border a submargmal black undulate line. Ground-colour of the 

 under surface reddish brown, less whitish than the Amazon form and placentia Fruhst. 



0. supremus differs from cassiope m the straighter course of the band of the forewing. Two very 

 suprcmus. rare subspecies: supremus Stich. Apex of the forewing moderately produced, distal margin correspondingly 

 shallowly excised. The zigzag band of the forewing in the middle about 8 mm. in breadth, anteriorly smooth- 

 margined, posteriorly rather shai-plj^ dentate; it forms in its general course two curved sections, an anterior 

 one from the costal margin to the middle median vein and a somewhat shallower one from there to the hmd- 

 margin. On the middle median it projects in a long pomted tooth proximally towards the cell. Band of the 

 hindwing present near the distal margin and in the middle part, from the upper radial to the upper median, 

 as two connected, pomted curved s^^ots. Before and beliuid this only some dull brownish dusting is visible, 

 indicatmg the contmuation of the band. The middle part of the band is likewise ill-defmed and slightly darkened. 

 ditaius. Ecuado r. — ditatus Thiemeis somewhat larger, apex of the forewmg a trifle more produced, distal margm someAvhat 

 more deepty concave. Band of the forewing a little naiTower, on the other hand the bright rust-j'ellow band near 

 the distal margm of the hindwmg broader, more sharply expressed and completely formed almost to the hind- 

 margm. It is likewise composed of pomted curved spots, its margm projectmg distally m pomted curves m the 

 interneural spaces, and being proximalh' hollowed out at the same places and on the vems produced into 

 points. Distal margm of the hmdwmg tinged with yellowish brown, lighter and more decided than m the typical 

 subspecies. Southern Peru and Central Peru (Huancabamba, 1500 m.). 



0. josephus bears a nearty triangular black scent-spot between the lower and middle medians on the 

 forewmg above. The ocelli of the under surface, m contrast to those of 0. cassiojje, are oval or rounded instead 



josephw. of reniform or falcate. Only a few examples are kno'mi, which divide into two local forms : — josephus Godm. 

 and Salv. Apex of the forewmg m the o pointed, almost falcate. Transverse band ochre-yellow, posteriorly 

 more reddish, its hmer margm jagged, especially m the anal part of the wing. Before the apex 3 small white 

 spots. Beneath the Imes before the distal margin are less undulate and diverge but little m the middle. Gua- 



excuHus. temala, — excultus Stick. (66 a). Apex of the forewmg somewhat more obtuse. Band broader, deeper reddish 

 ochre-j^ello^\-, its proximal margia less mcised and broken; it is of a whitish j^ellow tone at its commencement 

 on the costal margin, and 7 — 8 mm. in breadth; runs obliquely to the anterior median vem, touchmg the disco- 

 cellulars; is distally dentate before this vem, proximally somewhat retracted behhid the cell, and from here 

 directed somewhat more vertically towards the hmdmargm. Its imier margm is somewhat sharply broken 

 at the middle median vem, ua the interneural spaces slightly mcised, its outer margin notched at the two ante- 

 rior median vems, afterwards entire. The band terminates in a basally directed point in the anal angle. Hind- 

 wmg unicolorous, or with a narrow, curved, obscure rust-red band before the distal margin. The lines near 

 the distal margm on the irnderside of the forewmg m the middle somewhat more divergent and more strongly 

 dentate, underside of the hindwmg deeper brown. Colombia. 



lutescente- 0. lutescentefasciatus Kirhy is a doubtful species of the subgenus Opsiphanes, and is only mentioned 



fascialiis. here because Kieby has given it m his "Catalogue". In shape and size similar to 0. cassina cassina $; upper 

 surface brown, above and beneath a broad yellowish median band running parallel with the distal margin. 

 Under surface reddish, the band deep yellow. 



6. Genus: Eryphaiiis Bdv. 



The species united here were formerly referred to Caligo, until Boisdtjval separated them m 1874 

 as a distmct genus, although the differences in neuration are of little importance, the divergance consistmg rather 

 in the different form of the o sexual characters. Erypkanis differs superficially from Caligo in the weaker 

 build of the body and mostly in the fiery colouring of its species. In the neuration of the forewing the middle 



