312 ERYPHANIS. By H. Feuhstorfer. 



local form from eastern Colombia, which there replaces lycomedon FIdr. and is much nearer to the Bolivian 

 cheiremon and icardi Bdv. from I\Iatto Grosso. (^ with the submarginal band of the foiewing nearly twice as broad 

 as VOL lycomedon and grey instead of yellowish, the refletcion on the upper surface brilliant blue, not violet; 

 $ differmg from that of 'polyxena Meerh. in having a broader, paler yellow -grey longitudinal band on the fore- 

 wing, distally enclosing two large black spots (ocelli). Apex of the cell and the whole circumcellular region 

 pale yellow-grey. Basal part of the cell black instead of dark blue as in automedon. Hindwing with only a restrict- 

 ed glossy blue discal area. Cell grey-black, the distal border extending nearly to the cell, deep black. Under 

 surface lighter than in automedon. Apex of the cell and median part of the forewing, basal and median area 

 of the hindwing nearly whitish grey, with slight purple tinge. Upper Rio Negro. East Colombia, 800 m., disco- 

 vered bj' Fassl. 



E, reevesi divides into three branch-races in central and southern Brazil. In habitus it approaches 

 E. polyxena amphimedon Fldr. , together with which it occurs. The (^, however, is easy to distmguish from amphi- 

 medon by its smaller size and dark blue-violet ground-colour and the $ by its brighter j^ellow but narrower 

 bands, reevesi is regarded as the commonest of the kno^^ai species; it is not difficult to bait it mth fruits 

 spread out or hung up and it is found in Sta. Catharina, both in the elevated localities and in the hot valleys 

 at the ''Waldschanken", where it often drinks at one place for hours. But the scales are very loosely attached 

 hemichroa. and it is difficult to obtain perfect specimens. — hemichroa5//r., described from J\Iinas Geraes, probably differs 

 somewhat from examplas from Rio de Janeiro and Espiritu Santo, and may be taken to include specimens from 

 Bahia, which differ from more southern reevesi in their small size and also in the somewhat paler violet of the upper 

 surface and the predominantly pale grey-brown under surface, which in Bahia SS appears washed-out as in the more 

 reevesi. southern $$ of the collective species. — reevesi Westw. extends with little variation from Espiritu Santo to 

 Santa Catharina, Mdiere I found it from January to March in dark forests. Forewing of the $ dark brown, 

 distal margin grey-yellow ; distal part tinged A^dth deep violet ; this colour is anteriorly broad, extends into the 

 posterior, projecting angle of the cell, and is narroM'ed towards the hindmargm ; the apex remains free. Hindwing 

 similar, but Avith the violet shade darker and still more ill-defmed. In an oblique light the blue shows here 

 distally and behind the cell as a vaguely defined median area, brighter on the veins than m the interspaces. 

 Scent-spot in the anal area spongj^ surrounded by a narrow, Ught glossy ring, placed in a distinct hollow in the 

 membrane of the wing, visible on the under surface as a raised swelling. Length of the forewing, ^ 53, $ 55 mm. 

 — Larva (according to G. W. Muller) on Olyra latifolia L. and Bambusa ; it sits close and broadly appressed 

 on the underside of the leaves. Body when young yellowish with red dorsal and lateral stripes, slender, poster- 

 iorly narrowed, Avith long forked tail, which in the resting posture is horizontally pressed together or separated 

 and erected. Afterwards green-red with dark dorsal line, red, white and brown longitudinal stripes; when full- 

 grown the dorsal area pure green, posteriori}^ and anteriorly narrowed, terminating in a point on the 11th seg- 

 ment, finely edged M'ith brown; lateral stripes brown and white, at the posterior margm of the middle seg- 

 ments black warts (false spines) of considerable size. Head large, broad, elongate, anteriorly steeply sloped, 

 approximately quadrate, with 3 pairs of short horns ; at first whitish with broA\ai stripes, afterwards dark green 

 in the middle with white, broArn-edged stripes, which viewed from above, run iia the same direction as the stripes 

 of the body. — ■ Pupa elongate, similar to the rolled-up leaf of a Monocotyledon, with very long horns placed 

 close together, angles indistinct, ground-colour dirty broM-n-j^ellow. 



E. zolvizora is a very rare species, wliich is distribiited from Colombia to Bolivia and of Avhich two branch- 

 zolvizora. es have been described. — zolvizora Hew., originally from Bolivia, perhaps distributed northwards as far as 

 Peru. Upper surface dark red-brown with a band on the forewing composed of four or five crescentic ochre- 

 yellow spots and yelloAvish broA\n terminal border on the hindwing. LTnder surface broAvn -ndth a broad yellowish 

 white subbasal and an angled, similarly coloured but much narrower median band. Otherwise very similar to 

 reevesi, Avhich it replaces in Bolivia and the Andean region. Known to me from Corsico, Bolivia, 1200 m. — 

 opimu3. opimus Stgr. is the northern branch. In it the band of the forewing is more continuous, somewhat narrower, 

 the longitudinal stripes on the underside somewhat extended, more yelloAA-ish. somewhat narrower. Type from 

 Manizales, in the Cauca Valley, West Colombia, before me from the Rio Aquaca Valley, West Cordillera, Colonz- 

 bia, from 2000 m. In Ecuador and Peru occurs an allied race, which has not yet been sufficiently noticed, al- 

 though Staitdixger has already pointed out some slight differences. The egg is similar to that of C. oberthueri 

 Deyr. in size and appearance, but Avith protuberances at both sides. The colour is bone-white, but in conse- 

 quence of a fluid Avhich is secreted by' the ovipositor it looks as if iiTegularly plastered with rose-red. The rare 

 $ mostly attains the size of a small Caligo. . . 



selencida. E. seleucida Hew., another rare species, is above similar to Caligo illioneus Cr. Under surface remark- 



able for the strikingly large ocelli. ^ : above rust-broAvn, anteriorly in the median area someAvhat lighter, dis- 

 tal area broadly dark broAvn, the margin itself narrowly dirty ochie-yelloAv. Near the distal margm with a narrow, 

 undulate, ochre-yellow, slightly reddish transverse band, from which arises anteriorly, but indefinitely connected, 

 a short, strongly curved and angled, someAvhat duller coloured accessorj^band, which, however, like the main band, 

 does not quite reach the costal margin. In the fork of the bands 2 black spots and at the end of the prmcipal branch 



