326 CALIGO. By H. FRtrHSTOEFER. 



distinctly black-ringed ocelli. Forewing with very broad black intramedian spot beyond the cell-wall and essen- 

 tially more pronounced black zigzag stripes in the cell itself. Both wmgs then bordered distally with deeper 

 brown and blackish. If it is further added that the median area of the hindwing stands out more sharply 

 whitish than in idomeneus, all those differential characters have been mentioned which Stoll's figure repro- 

 aristo- duces SO unmistakably. Surinam, also found by Dr. Hahnel at Maues on the Lower Amazon. — • aristophanes 

 phanes. g-nj^gp ^^gj; ig smaller than menoetius from Surinam and the upper surface may be at once known by a rather 

 broad yellowish longitudinal band, suggesting idomeneus, which extends as far as the middle median. This 

 band, however, is always weaker than in euphorbus and stratonides. But where aristophanes surpasses menoe- 

 tius is in the still more glossy, purer, brilliantly iridescent blue of the hindwing. Under surface easy to distin- 

 guish by the lighter grey-brown submarginal areas on the forewing and by a row of brown pointed curves 

 which are wanting in menoetius. Coroico, 1200 m., Bolivia. Only known to me in one cj in coll. Fassl. 



C. atreus is perhaps the largest species of the genus and at the same time the most gaily coloured. Fore- 

 wing black with a blue-violet median area, which is traversed by a whitish stripe varying in distinctness accord- 

 ing to the local race. Hindwing with broad light yellow or orange band, again of greater or less breadth and 

 with the margins more or less incised in the different local forms. Under surface brilliant red-brown with yellow 

 alrem. or orange distal area. Apical ocellus of the hindwing very large. Five well separated geographical races : atreus 

 Koll. In the <J the blue-violet dusting of the hindwing viewed from above weak, in an oblique light some- 

 what more distinct; in it an oblique light band, anteriorly only indicated by thin, short whitish yellow hairs 

 and scattered light scales, gradually becoming more distinct posteriorly and about from the lower angle of the 

 cell onwards grey-white slightly dusted with bluish, changing towards the anal angle into almost pure white. 

 Boundary of this band not sharp, dusted with grey and bluish, and gradually shading into the adjoining ground- 

 colour. Distal area light smoke-brown. In this is sometimes placed a nebulous, slightly undulate, dark stripe, 

 separating another, lighter, band-like stripe from the distal margin; the latter stripe again is proximally bounded 

 by the corresponding, more sharply dentate second marginal line of the under surface. Sometimes the dark 

 stripe is absent or very much weakened. Band of the hindwing light ochre- to saffron-yellow, anteriorly whitish, 

 proximally not sharply defined and on the veins and between them subdentate. The band terminates about 

 at the extremity of the posterior median vein or somewhat before it. 5 with broader wings, the median area 

 of the forewing suffused with lighter blue, the transverse band mostly somewhat more distinct, the marginal 

 band of the hindwing broader, pale ochre-yellow, anteriorly more strongly whitish. Under surface lighter, the 



dionysos. markings somewhat weaker. Colombia. — ■ dionysos subsp. nov. differs from atreus in having the band of the 

 forewing continued to the costal margin and almost uniformly whitish, dusted with blue-violet, in which this 

 form approaches its next representative, ajax. On the hindwing the orange distal area remains darker, reaches 

 the black distal border and becomes broader (transition to C. uranus). Under surface with more pronounced 

 contrasts in colour, the white stripe of the forewing more sharply defined and especially proximally straighter, 

 apical ocellus of the forewing larger, anal ocellus of the hindwing considerably smaller, median area of the 

 urmius. hindwing deeper brown, conspicuously margined with black distally. Chiriqui (coll. Fruh.storfer). — uranus 

 H.-Schdff. is the northern representative of atreus and strictly speaking only a geographical race of this widely 

 distributed .species. It seems, however, not inconceivable that it might form a separate species on account of 

 its small size, more rounded wings, the absence of the black distal boi'der of the hindwing and the presence of 

 larger white subapical patches on the forewing. The under surface on the contrary can only be distinguished 

 from atreus by the smaller eye-spots on the hindwing. I have examples before me from Honduras, where uranus 

 occurs very rarely; to the north southern Mexico forms the limit of its range and according to Godman it is 

 not very rare in Guatemala, where it inhabits the dense woods; when startled up it flies a short distance and 

 ajax. then hides on the tree-trunks. — ■ ajax Westw. has the band of the forewing broader and more distinct; at its 

 commencement at the costal margin this is whitish grey with bluish dusting, but gradually changes to a pure 

 white colour. In the middle median cellule the band is as a rule only slightly dusted with blue, the blue scales 

 are there placed at both sides on the edges and finally disappear entirely. Band of the hindwing darker saffron- 

 yellow, in an oblique light with a quite faint purple-red or violet hue, posteriorly strongly bent in a point to- 

 dentina. wards the hinder angle. Venezuela. — ■ dentina Druce has the band of the hindwing almost continuous for its 

 entire length, only anteriorly broken up into spots, at the proximal edge deeply dentate. Peru, Ecuador (Chimbo, 



agesilaus. Balzapamba), Colombia (Rio San Juan). — agesilaus Druce has the forewing as in dentina, but the light trans- 

 verse band somewhat more distmct. In the distal marginal area the blackish nebulous stripe likewise more 

 distinct, so that the proximally adjoining light part near the margin is defined as a dentate band. Band of the 

 hindwing broken up into five separate spots, which are rather remote from the distal margin and of which the 

 posterior ones, and occasionally also the anterior, are loosely connected by a slight dusting. Their colour is 

 yellowish white, the posterior ones somewhat darker. The blackish marginal dusting extends to the middle 

 median vein and is united at the veins with the black-brown ground-colour of the rest of the wings. The anterior 

 marginal spots are heart-shaped, being proximally incised in the middle, the posterior ones elongate. Fringes 

 whitish j^ellow, standing out conspicuousl}' against the marginal dusting. Under surface as in dentina, except 

 that the posterior eye-spot of the hindwing is comparatively very large, the distal area for its entire length mar- 



