NAROPE. By H. Fruhstorfer. 327 



pled and striated with whitish and blackish, and only a narrow stripe near the distal margin, correspondmg in 

 position to the row of spots on the upperside, is more uniform whitish. The cell-patch and the elongate ring- 

 spot before the middle discocellular are distinct. $ like the (J, but in general paler. Perhaps only a seasonal 

 form, as transitions occur to the preceding subspecies. Ecuador, Colombia (Valley of the Rio Dagua). 



C. arisbe Hhn. (65 a), so far as is known, inhabits only the three Brazilian states of Sao Paulo, Rio de arishe. 

 Janeiro and Espiritu Santo. I have no examples from the two former, but in Espiritu Santo Michablis has 

 baited and captured arisbe sparingly with bananas. The larva lives on Marantaceae. Under surface predomi- 

 nantly yelloA^-brown ^^•ith the median area much lighter yellowish, particularly in the $. Anal ocelli strikingly 

 broad, fii'st yellowish, then olive-coloured, finally ringed with black, connected with one another by an extended, 

 distmctly defined bro\^ii area. 



C. oberthueri Deyr. is near to arisbe and must be regarded as one of the most beautiful Caligos. Upper oberthueri. 

 surface of the forewing dark brown-grej', that of the hindwing brown-black, the latter except at the distal bor- 

 der with violet-blue reflections. Under surface dark black-brown with a conspicuous pure white longitudinal 

 band. Ocelli on the underside unusually small. Colombia, Ecuador, very rare. — phokilides subsj). nov. inhabits pTwUlides. 

 Peru (Chanchamayo) and differs from Colombian examples in having a more indistinct, lighter yellowish longi- 

 tudinal stripe on tlie forewing. $ lighter, the markings in the distal area more distinct. It bears there a partially 

 bluiTed luidulate line, folloA^■ed proximally, near the margin of the wing, by a sinuous and dentate band. In the 

 anterior part of this are placed near the apex three blackish spots, proximally edged with whitish, one behind 

 another, accompanied posteriorly by two further more shadoAvy spots. The band behind the cell is more distinctly 

 defined, almost ochre-yelloA\% anteriorly w^idened and shading into the ground-colour without any sharp demar- 

 cation. Hindwing with less of the blue gloss, faintly shot with violet, the light transverse band-like patch paler 

 and broader, in particular anteriorly; the distal margin more broadly dusted with ochreous. Under surface 

 as in the ^. but lighter. The egg of this rare species is only half the size of that of epimetheus and even smaller 

 than that of Opsiphanes bogotanus. It is of a wax-yellow colour with longitudinal ribs, base and apex some- 

 what flattened and smooth. Larva much darker than that of the preceding species, nearly black; the dorsal 

 markings consist of several u'regular light brown spots; the dorsal (false) thorns are black and bent somewhat 

 forwards. Crest on the head and tail-fork much shorter than in epimetheus. The food-plant is a low species of 

 palm with primitive, nonfeathery leaves. The larvae seem mostly to occur in pairs. Fassl observed oberthueri 

 only on the crest of the West Cordillera above 2000 m., whilst epimetheus, although also a mountain butterfly, 

 only occurs lower (from 1400 to 1800 m.); this also fully corresponds with the localities of the food-plants 

 of the two species. 



C. martia Godt. (65 b) occurs where arisbe disappears and has hitherto only been brought to Europe martia. 

 from Santa Catharina and Rio Grande do Sul. Probably, however, the species also occurs in the state of Parana, 

 which unfortunately has only been insufficiently explored. An example in my collection, Avhich I received from 

 Herr Julius Arp as coming from Rio de Janeiro, shows somewhat smaller anal ocelli on the underside of the 

 hincbving, but the locality is not quite certain, especially as Herr Aep has obtained much material from 

 Sante Catharina. martia is the rarest south Brazilian Caligo; it always only occurs singly and extremely seldom 

 comes to baits of fruit. But it is found with great regularity on the highland of Lages near the sources of the Uru- 

 guay at bleeding trees, where the butterflies feed greedily, but are nevertheless very shy, so that it is not easy 

 to take them off their guard. The larva was apparently first described by Mabildb. It is green with yellow- 

 ish lateral stripes. Head with two short protuberances and two long setiferous horns, dorsum with five false 

 thorns, hairs small, quite fine, tail with the customary double point. Pupa dark havanna-brown. Head slightly 

 pointed, abdomen elongated, middle part thickened, and with four transverse stripes. From September to 

 October. Pupal stage 20- — -25 days. ,^ smaller than the $, which we figure, and wanting the transparent sub- 

 marginal band of the forewing, under surface with a nebulous, black-bordered spot in the cell of the forewing, 

 which no other Caligo species possesses to the same extent. Behind the cell three unequal white intramedian 

 patches. Apical ocellus of the forewing relatively large. Anal ocellus of the hindwing much as in arisbe, black 

 with broad yellow bordering which posteriorly shades into greenish. In the cell of the hindwing an elongate 

 irregular spot, which is very variable, hardly alike in two examples, in the somewhat lighter (^(J and $$ from 

 Rio Grande do Sul better developed than in Santa Catharina examples. 



8. Genus: ETaroiJe Westw. 



In this the smallest Brassolid genus we have at the same time reached also the most considerable devia- 

 tion from the type in shape and neuration, and indeed the species more resemble an Anaea than a Brassolid 

 in their smaller size, the sharply pointed forewing, the short teeth at the medians in the hindwing, and in having 

 the upper surface mostly uniform brown and the under surface entirely without eye-spots and variously irro- 

 rated; yet all other points of structure, such as palpi, forelegs and the large precostal cell, agree completely 

 with the family characters, while the discovery of the larva by Dr. W. MIJller has removed all doubt as to the 



