328 NAROPE. By H. Fruhstorfeb. 



Ijosition of Narope. Tlie genus differs at once from all the others in the 3rd subcostal vein running into the apex 

 and the fork of the 4th and 5tli into the distal margin below the apex. This striking neuration occurs extremely 

 rarely even among the Satyrids and is more a character of the Nymphalids. In addition Narope is distmguished 

 by further characters. The subcostal vein is not constant in the separate species, but both 4- and 5-branched; 

 the 1st branch is either entirely wanting or in part comcident with the costal. The upper discocellular is short, 

 but distinctly present; the middle straight, in the same direction and of the same length as the lower, which 

 is only weakly curved, closes the cell obliquely and meets the median vein at a somewhat greater distance 

 from the 2nd branch than this is removed from the 1st. The submedian of the forewing is strongly sinuous in 

 the (J, this formation being closely associated with the presence of a tuft in the (J (as sexual character) on 

 the under surface beneath this vein; with the hair-tuft corresponds a shiny spot at the costal margin on the 

 upperside of the hindwing. The precostal cell is extraorduiarily large and well developed; the precostal vein 

 simple, nearly straight, proximally directed. The cell is obliquely closed by a rather short and straight lower 

 discocellular. Head large, eyes naked, palpus flat, densely scaled and haired; fu'st joint short, second about 4 

 times as long, termmal joint short, pointed, extending beyond the head. Antemia moderately long with the 

 club gradually thickened. Thorax strong, densely haned; legs strong, abdomen short, pointed. Forewing with 

 strongly curved costa and prominent, pointed apex. Distal and inner margins in the (J nearly straight, anal 

 angle sharp. The under surface mostly bears a scent-spot and hair-pencil.' Uncus with the processes short and 

 divergent, i. e. with the points directed outwards. Valve simple, with two strong teeth. Hindwing often slightly 

 angled. Cell of the forewing broad at the end, more than half the length of the wing. This genus contams the 

 smallest species of the family; they are uniformly coloured, the imder surface resembling leaves; they come 

 to light and are also observed on bait at night. — Larva on bamboo, feeding by night, its general appearance 

 like that of the other Brassolid larvae. Head with 3 pairs of horns, end of the body with tail-fork. — Pupa 

 compact, ventrally compressed, with short tubercles and two horns on the head, suspended, with one free seg- 

 ment. South and Central America (from Paraguay to Guiana on one side, from Bolivia to Mexico on the other). 



Ilindwin;^; more or les.s distinctly produced ai the distal mavgin. 



N. cyllastros is the commonest and best known species of the genus and is at the same time the only 

 ieslacea. one which extends northwards beyond Colombia and of which the early stages are kno"svn. — In testacea Godm. ds 

 Salv. the (J is rust-red above, apex of the forewing and basal half of the hindwing darkened with brownish. Distal 

 margin of the latter wing onlj^ feebly angled at the middle median vein. Under surface pale ochreous with 

 scattered darker small spots, striae and shading, the whitish spots of the hindwing apparently always absent 

 with the exception of the anterior ones. $ with the hind-wdng more strongly angled; upper surface of the 

 slygius. wings dark brown or smoke-brown. Panama (Chirigui|, Very rare, only a few examples yet fomid. — ■ stygius 

 Stgr., from Fonteboa on the Upjjei^ Amazon, was erected on a $ received from Dr. Hahnel. Smaller, with 

 the general colouring even darker than in cyllastros (62 d), under surface somewhat less intermixed with whitish 

 grey. Hindwing with seven yellowish anteterminal dots, of which the first is distinctly oval and ringed with 

 cyllastros. black, wliilst the sixth is the strongest. — cyllastros Westw. (= cyllene Fldr.), probably described from examples 

 from Rio de Janeiro, is considerably darker in the (^ above than the original of our figure (62 d) (which came 

 from Santa Cathariua) and beneath as pale as the $ figured from Santa Catharina; a difference which is already 

 mentioned by Statjdinger in his ,,Exotische Tagfalter" 1888, p. 218. In the course of two years I took only 

 a few examples near Theresopolis, Sta. Catharina, and I have $$ before me from Blumenau. According 

 to BoNNiKGHATTSEN vcry rare in shady places near Rio de Janeko. Taken by me at banana bait. Dr. Wilhelm 

 MtJLLER found the larva feedmg at night on bamboo, it was already in the fifth stage and a few days before 

 pupation was 7.5 cm. in length, inclusive of the tail-fork, which was 6 mm. Head with three pairs of horns oblique- 

 ly directed posteriorly, arranged like a collar, body thickened towards the middle, otherwise slender, the 

 horns and the tail-fork laterally compressed, the two parts of the tail arising far apart, but running parallel; 

 head brown with a black spot in the middle below the horns, which sends out two stripes to the base of the 

 horns and two to the lower angles of the head. Body a mixtiire of pale red and grey-brown. The pale 

 red colour is somewhat irregularly arranged and forms undulate lines. Pupa rather stout, the posterior seg- 

 ments dorsally rounded with a slight central ridge, which is divided into three humps, in addition two further 

 protuberances at the base of the wings and two horns. The Moiag-margins are indistinct. The markings present 

 a peculiar mixture of yellow, bro^vn and black; here and there, especially on the dorsum, there are some 

 white spots. 



cyllarus. N. cyllarus Westw. (62 d) with the tj'pe from the state of Rio de Janeiro, where the species occurs very 



rarely in the Oi-gan jMountains. Mickaelis discovered it ua Espiritu Santo, I myself found it in Santa Catharina. 

 One (5 in my collection is said to come from Rio Grande do Sul and Stichel names Sao Paulo as a further 

 locality. 3 : head and eyes uniformly reddish brown. Venter and legs pale ochre-yellow. Upper surface reddish 

 brown, of lighter or darker tone, basal and apical areas somewhat duller. At the end of the cell, on the lower disco- 



