PAPILIO. By Dr. K. Jordan. 13 



P. agavus Drurii (lb). The red anal spot of the hindwing very large, Z-shaped. The abbreviated agavus. ^ 

 white band of the hindwing is somewhat variable. Although the species is quite common even in gardens 

 in the neighbourhood of Rio, especialW in damp, shady places, we are still ignorant of its early stages. 

 The insect frequents flowers, and is easy to catch. — Minas Geraes southwards to Rio Grande do Sul, 

 westwards to Paraguay and the adjoining parts of Argentina; not extending to the foot of the Andes. 



P. proneus Rln. (= phryneus i«c.) (lb). Both wings with narrow white band, the red %Vi\)- pwneus. 

 marsrinal spots of the hindwing straight or slightly curved; anal spot not V-shaped. — Minas Geraes to- 

 Parana: near Rio only in the Organ jMountains. 



P. chamissonia. Both wings with white band, that on the hindwing abbreviated; cell-spot of the 

 hindwing not extending further towards the base than to the 2. median; red anal spot V-shaped. — The 

 larva is brownish black, with an obUque white band, extending laterally from the 6. segment to the tubercle 

 on the 7. The pupal stage lasts three weeks. The butterfly is very common and is one of the earliest 

 spring species (August). From August to April there are at least three generations. — diodorus Hopff. diodoms. . - 

 {^= campeiro Foett.) (1 b) has entirely white fringes. The breadth of the white band is variable. Minas 

 Geraes ; in the inteiior from Sao Paulo ; Goyaz ; Bahia. — The form chamissonia (= ascalus Godt., chamissonia. 

 echedorus Boiad., eurydorus Luc), described by Eschscholtz, occurs near PetropoHs, in Sao Paulo, Parana 

 and S. Catharina. Near- Rio itself the species is absent. In this form the fringes are partly black, at least 

 at the extremities of the Aeins. The specimens with a broad white band on the hindwing may be 

 designated as ab. bunichus Hhn.; these are especially common in Sao Paulo and in the Organ Mountains, bunichus. '_ 



P. perrhebus. Wings entirely without bands. The larva lives on Aristolochia ciliata, and bears 

 on all its segments tubercles which are partlj' white and partlj^ yellow; an oblique band on the 6. and 

 7. segment is yellow. We know two geographical forms of this species. — In Brazil, from S"io Paulo to 

 Rio Grande do Sul, in Paraguay, and in the neighbouring parts of Argentina, occurs a dark form, in 

 which the head, the palpi, and the submarginal spots on the upper surface of the hindwing are distinctly 

 red; this is perrhebus Bolsd. (la). — The form from Buenos Aires, the province of Entre Rios, anA perrhebus. "^ 

 Uruguay, is damocrates Guen. It is much paler; the head and palpi are black, and the submarginal spots damocrates. 

 on the upper surface of the hindwing are not bright red. The species is especially common near rivers. 



P. phalaecus Hew. (lb). The only Aristolochia-Papilio with a spatulate tail which has hitherto been phalaecus. ^ 

 found in tropical America between Costa Rica and Paraguay. The body is very hairy. The white band, 

 which traverses both wings, is intersected by black veins. — Eastern Ecuador. 



P. photinus Doubl. (1 d). Upper surface with blue gloss, especially in the c^. Wings without bands ; photimis. 

 hindwing -w-ith two rows of red spots. — Mexico to Gosta Rica; a common species. 



P. alopius Godm. & Salv. Spots on the hindwing smaller than in P. photinus, at least parth* white, alopius. L--^ 

 those of the inner row very small, partially wanting. — West Mexico ; Nicaragua. 



P. dares Hew. (1 d). Only one ? known , which is in the British Museum (coll. Hewitson). Tail dares. 

 short ; forewing with a small white spot on the disk ; hindwing with two rows of red spots, which are larger 

 than in plwtinus. — Nicaragua. 



P. montezuma Westw. (1 a). Forewing without band. Hindwing with a row of red submarginal montezuma. 

 spots. — Mexico to Nicaragua; one of the commonest species. 



Aeneas-Group. 



The following forms, which have white marginal spots, we unite as the aeneas-gvovi^. The species are 

 partly hard to differentiate, especially as the two sexes are often very unlike. Very little is known about the 

 earlier stages. Many of the species inhabit marshy woods, where the larvae live on Aristolochia. In consequence 

 of the inaccessibility of these forests, quite a number of forms are still very rare in collections, and there are cer- 

 tainly still some species which have hitherto escaped the net. Scent-organ of the cf mostly with white wool, more 

 rarely with black scales. 



P. hahneli Stgr. (1 c). One of the most remarkable of the American Painlios, and doubtless the hahneli. 

 best discover)' of the successful collector after whom the species is named. Tailed. Forewing with three 

 yellow-grey bands or patches; hindwing with area of the same colour, occupjdng the greater part of the 

 wing. — Massauary, near Maues, Amazon River. Collecting in the neighbourhood of the Amazon, from 

 Para to the foot of the Andes, seems to be more difficult nowadays than formerly. It is true the steamboat 

 takes the collector from place to place, but in the neighbourhood of the larger settlements there is no 

 longer much for him to seek, and living has become extraordinarily expensive. And it is difficult to find 

 a place near the forest fit to live in and secure against flagrant robbery, and the collector is very 



