20 PAPILIO. By Dr. K. Jordan. 



and their terminal segment is very short. The cell of the hindwing is rounded at the apex and its lower angle is 

 at least as large as the upper. The scent-organ on the hindwing of the cJ"' is never woolly and the tibiae are never 

 thickened. — The larva bears on the first thoracic segment strongly elongated fleshy protuberances, and the dorsal 

 humps of the pupa are narrow, laterally compressed and rather long. 



Polydamas-Group. 



This poli/daiiias-giou\) also differs essentielly in habits from the red-spotted butterflies. They are inhabitants 

 of the open country, seldom met with in the shade of the forest. The cTrf', which are quick fliers, are fond of 

 resting on damp sand or mud to imbibe the moisture, whilst the $? visit several common species of flowers. 



P. philenor is a well-known North American butterfly, distinguished by the bright green or blue 

 gloss of the outer part of the hindwing beneath. Its original home was undoubted^ the Southern Atlantic 

 States, whence it has spread to Mexico and again in the west as far as Northern California. In the central 

 part of the United States, from Colorado northwards, the species is absent; in the east, on the contrary, it 

 extends as far as the south of Canada, where it is met witli from time to time as an immigrant. Its 

 distribution northwards, in places where the original food-plant (Aristolochia serpentaria) is not found, has 

 orsua. been made possible by the cultivation of Aristolochia sipho as an ornamental jjlant. — orsua Godm. & Salv. 

 philenor. is a small tailless form from the Tres Marias Islands with strongly glossj' hindwing. — philenor L. 

 (= astinous Drury) (6 a) inhabits the United States and Mexico. The species varies geographically but 

 little, yet some of the Mexican specimens are tailless, which seems never to occur in North America. This 

 acauda. ab. mex. acauda Oberth. (=^ nezahualc03'0tl Streck., corbis Godm. & Salv.) occurs together with "ordinary 

 wasmuthi. specimens. As ab. wasmuthi Weeks a colour variety is described which recalls the celebrated ab. calverleyi 

 of P. polijxenes Fahr. In this aberration the marginal spots are enlarged into a broad band. Specimens 

 obsoleta. without submarginal spots on the upper surface are ab. obsoleta Ehrm. The species has several gene- 

 rations in the Southern States. The specimens of the spring brood are in general more rough-haired than 

 those of the summer. The butterfly is very common, and flies in great numbers ajjout flowering trees, 

 or sips at the flowers of low plants or at wayside pools. In feeding and fljdng the wings have a quivering 

 motion as in the allied species. 



devUliers. P. devilliers Godt. (6a). Hitherto known with certainty only from Cuba; the older authors assigned 



it to Florida also, which is perhaps due to an error. Tailed. Forewing with a submarginal row of white 

 spots ; hind-wing on the upper surface with a submarginal band, and on the under with one or more silver spots. 



zetes. P. zetes Westw. (6 a) has on the upper surface of both wings a yellowish band , and on the under 



surface of the hindwing a silver band. Haiti; onlj^ a few specimens in collections. 



The following species are all without tails. To some extent the form of the wings recalls the so- 

 called Ornithoptera from the Oriental Region. 



streckerianns. P. streckerianus Hour. (= mathani Oberth) (6 a) is a native of the dry open country of North 



Peru. The spots on the body are greenish yellow. Forewing without band, the band on the hindwing 

 very variable, opalescent in the ?. 



ardiidamas. P. archidamas Boisd. (= bias Kirbi/, ex Boger) (6 b). The spots on the body reddish. Upper sur- 



face of both wings with a band composed of spots; under surface of the hindwing for the most part dirty 

 white. Chile; aU the year round in the open coast districts. The earlier stages are very similar to those 

 of P. polydamas. 



P. polydamas. The spots on the body reddish; upper surface of both wings with a band composed 



of spots; under surface of the hindwing black-brown, \\\\h red or yellowish red submarginal spots. Distributed 



from Virginia to Argentina; varying but little geographical^ on the continent, on the Greater and Lesser 



Antilles on the contrary developed into a different form on almost every island. One of the commonest 



Papilios on the continent; an inhabitant of cultivated ground which accompanies the settler ever5'where; it 



is especially common where the ground cleared for cultivation has been again neglected. The larva varies 



from brown-yellow to dai-k black-brown ; the tubercles are long, in dark specimens red. The pupa is strongly 



vincenthis. curved, and has three long, compressed humps on the abdomen; the thoracic horn is long. — vincentius 



B. & J. Above like the continental form; under surface of the hindwing with white costal streak; sub- 



lucianus. marginal spots large. St. Vincent. — lucianus B. & J. The band on the upper surface broad; under 



xenodamas. surface of the hindwing M'ith costal streak at the base; submarginal spots large. St. Lucia. — xenodamas 



Hbn. (= cebriones Dcdm., eurydamas Kirby, ex Boger). Band on the upper surface of the hindwing broad, 



placed close to the cell; under surface of the hindwing at the base with a large bluish grey spot and costal 



dominicus. streak. Martinique; formerly erroneously given as inhabiting Brazil. — dominicus B. & J. The posterior 



spots on the upper surface of the forewing smaller than in xenodamas; band on the hindwing curved. Under 



neodamas. surface of the hindwing with costal streak, but without the large spot below it. Dominica. — neodamas 



Luc. The upper spots of the band of the forewing wanting or small, the hinder spots further from the 



antiquus. margin than in the preceding forms. Band on the- hindwing almost straight. Guadeloupe. — antiquus 



