PAPILIO. By Dr. K. Joedan. 37 



P. harmodius. <f and ? different. The spots on head, thorax and coxae yellowish white, cf : fore- 

 \Ying somewhat transparent apically, before the hindmargin a white area of variable extent, but never 

 reaching to the 3. radial; hindwing with a band of red discal spots. Beneath the cell of both wings streaked 

 with black, forewing with red costal basal spot, hindwing with 3 basal spots. In the ? the hindwing similar 

 to the o"', or tlie macular band white or yellow; the forewing either without spots, or with white cell-patch 

 and two large discal patches. Colombia to Bolivia; a species of the Andes, very common in the eastern 

 valleys of Ecuador. Peru and Bolivia. Larva not known. — isus Obeiih. (= aristogiton Stgr.). cf : the white isus. - 

 area of the forewing large, extending from the hindmargin to the 2. median or beyond; discal band composed 

 of 6 or 7 white-centred spots. ? not known. — Cauca Valley, Colombia. — halex R. & J. Forewing as halex. -/' 

 in the preceding subspecies; hindwing with 5 red discal spots. ? on the forewing with white area from 

 the 3. radial to the 2. median and a small cell-spot; liindwing with 5 pale red discal spots. Colombia; in 

 Bogota-collections. — xeniades Hew. o^: the white spot of the forewing very variable, always extending xe/z;arfM. , 

 to the hindmargin of tlie wing, usually excised at the costal side, always small on the underside; hindvnng 

 with 3 — 5 discal spots, wliich are red above, rarely whitish in the middle, and beneath always reddish 

 white with red distal margin. ?: dichromatic: ?-f. androna R. d; J. (13d) with quite small grey scaling androna. 

 in and behind the cell of the forewing and 5 red discal spots on the hindwing; the second form, ¥-f. 

 Virginia Kirbij, is very similar to the $ of P. erlaces hajdes, forewing with large white cell-spot and two Virginia. , 

 large discal patches, band of the hindwing white with faint red margins. Xeniades occurs in Ecuador and 

 West Colombia. — imaus R. & J. (1-ia). Not constantly ditferent from the d" of the following subspecies, imaus. 

 forewing above raostlj' with wliite streak at the hindmargin, beneath the white spot is usually smaller than 

 in harmodius Doubl. 2 as the ?-f. oirginia, but the cell-spot narrowed anteriorly, the anterior discal spot 

 reduced and the band of the liindwing yellow above, almost white beneath. Eastern slopes of the Andes 

 of North and Central Peru. — harmodius Doubl. (13 c). cf: forewing above and beneath always with large harmodius. 

 white spot, not quite reaching to the hindmargin. ?: the white cell-spot does not extend across the cell; 

 three discal spots, the 1. small, the 2. as long as the 3.; hindwing with red discal spots, larger than in 

 the cf. South-east Peru (from Chanchamayo southwards) and Bolivia. The d'cf common, of the ? onl}^ 



1 specimen known (in coll. Chakles OBEETHiJE). 



P. trapeza R. & J. (13 c). Forewing narrower in the middle than in harmodius, the hindmargin trapeza. 

 shorter, a white spot at the hindmargin, not extending to the 2. median ; hindwing triangular, sharply dentate, 

 with 2 to 4- red spots from the hindmargin forAvards, the posterior spot the largest. Beneath the white 

 hindmarginal spot of the forewing is longer than in all the forms of harmodius. ? unknown. — East Ecuador 

 and North-East Peru. 



P. xynias Hew. (13 c). Forewing \\\i\i large pale green area at the hindmargin; hindwing acutely xynias. 

 dentate, with short, narrow tail and a few red discal spots posteriorly. Beneath the forewing has a white, 

 very faintlj- green liindmarginal spot, which is smaller than the spot on the upper surface. No scent-scales. 



2 not known. — Eastern slopes of the Andes of Bolivia and Peru. 



P. ariaratlies. Another widely distributed and very variable species, which has more spiny tibiae 

 and a nan-ower cell in the hindwing than the allied species. Spots on head and breast yellowish grey. 

 Fore^nng beneath with 2 red basal spots, the hindwing with 3. In the cf the forewing usually with grey- 

 white or yellowish band or area from the hindmargin forwards; hindwing with red discal spots, of which 

 often only the one placed at the abdominal margin is distinct. 2 almost always with white discal spots on 

 the forewing. Scent-scales of the & present. Larva unknown. Colombia to Bolivia, distributed eastwards 

 to Para and Goyaz. The butterfly is individually and geographically variable; the 92 resemble the 22 of 

 Aristolochia-Papilios and adopt in the different districts their likewise variable dress. The forms all inter- 

 grade, We differentiate 6 geographical forms, whether correctly must be ascertained by further ivestigations 

 based on a larger material than we have seen. The butterfly according to Bates flies with great rapidity 

 in sunny places near plantations; it is no rarity, but is not taken in great numbers. — ariaratlies Esp. ariarathes. 

 (= acestes Boisd) (14 a). cf : forewing with large white spot from the hindmargin to the 2. median, almost 

 as large beneath as above; on the liindwing 4 to 6 separated discal spots, placed separate from one another 

 and from the cell. 2 with 5 or 6 red discal spots on the hindwing, three long, extending nearly or quite 

 to the cell; in 2-f. ariarathes Esp. the forewing has 1 to 3 white discal spots and often a narrow cell- 

 spot; in 2-f. eumelea R. & J. these white spots are only indicated. French and Dutch Guiana. — menes eumelea. 

 R. & J. cf : forewing with white band, extending from the hindmargin to the 1. or 2. median, the posterior menes. 

 spot often small or absent, the spot before the 2. median 4—6 mm. long, also always present beneath; hind- 

 wing with 3 or 4 red spots midway between cell and margin. 2 with large discal spot from the 3. radial 

 to the 1. median and a smaller one behind it, sometimes also with indication of spots before the 3. radial 

 and in the cell; 5 or 6 discal spots on the hindwing, remote from the cell. British Guiana. — evagoras evagoras. 

 Graij fl3dj. cf: forewing with nari'ow band, placed at the 3. radial about midway between cell and outer 

 margin or nearer to the cell; beneath the band is replaced by 2 or 3 distinct spots; discal spot of the 

 hindwing partly near to the cell, the band more curved than in the other forms. 2 with 3 white or yellowish 



