PAPILIO. Ry Dr. K. Jordan. 39 



wing indicated, or like that of the hindwing entirely absent: f. eupatorion Luc., botli wings without discal eupatoHon. 

 band, forewing with yellowish marginal band and the marginal spots of the hindwing enlarged (probably 

 an aberration, only the t\pe known, in col. Ghables Obeethur). 



P. asius F. (=: astyages Driinj ; manlius Pertij) (14d). A rather common Brazilian butterfly, distriJnited asius. ] ^ 

 from Bahia to Rio Grande do Sul and westward into Eastern Paraguay. A broad band, narrowed towards 

 the costa on the forewing, beginning at the costal margin of the forewing distallj' to the cell and ending 

 before the abdominal margin of the hindwing; hmdwing triangular, with long tail. On the underside the 

 hindwing has 4 red basal spots, two of these placed at the costal margin, in addition a red streak before 

 the abdominal raai'gin and 3 red spots near the anal angle. The ? similar to the cf, very rare in collections. 

 The larva not known to us. 



Marcellus-Group. 



In the ;«(?ir(;//«s-group there is on the underside of the hindwing a red line running from the costal margin 

 to the anal angle, which at least at the costal margin is edged with black at both sides. The species have bands 

 on the wings, and the triangular hindwing is tailed. The 1. subcostal of the forewing is free; in one siDecies 

 (hellerophon) it is entirely absent. 



P. marcellus Cr. (= ajas auct.) (14 c). The common Asimina Swallowtail of North America. Antenna 

 brown-yeUow : tibiae and tai'si green : fore^\ing with 8 greenish white bands, the green colour in the mem- 

 brane: the red line of the hindwing beneath margined with white proximally. Scent-scales of the cf' long. 

 The larva with 6 fine black transverse hnes on each segment, the lines usually partly contiguous. The 

 frontal prominences of the pupa divergent, the thoracic horn vertical, the lateral carina continued to the 

 cremaster. not interrupted. Foodplants: Asimina, especially A. triloba, also Ericaceae and Lauraceae. This 

 species is one of the classical examples of seasonally variable butterflies. In the specimens which hibernate 

 as pupa once or twice the hairs of the frons are long, whilst the}' are short in the butterflies emerging 

 from non-hibernated pupae. The principal forms are : forma hib. marcellus Cr. (.-= walshi Edic), the spring marcellus. ' 

 form ^vith broad white bands, sometimes red discal spots appearing on the upper surface of the hindwing 

 (ab. abboti Edw.)-. forma hib. loc. floridensis Holl. is the spring form from Florida, which has broader abboti. 

 black bands than marcellus; forma hib. telamonides Fldr. (14c) is the later spring form, which forms i\iQ, fl-ondensis. 

 transition to the summer form, forewing somewhat longer than in f. hib. marcellus, the black bands broader, ^ '"'""f ^^• 

 the fringes of the tail more extended white; forma aest. lecontei R. & J. (= marcellus auct. non Cramer), lecontei. \^/ 

 large, the black bands broad. — P. marcellus occurs from Southern Canada to Florida and Texas and west- 

 ward into the prairie districts of the Mississippi Plain. Verjf common where pawpaw trees are found. The 

 flight of the summer brood is more elegant than that of the spring specimens. The butterfly often travels 

 northwards in considerable numbers, flying swiftly near the ground. Indeed in the northern districts where 

 it occurs it is only an immigrant, not a permanent inhabitant. 



P. marcellinus Douhl. (^ sinon F. non Poda) (14 c). Forewing with pale green bands and a row mcijfellmus. v 

 of submarginal spots: hindwing with black subraedian band extending to the Bladk distal margin; the red 

 line on the under surface of the hindwing broad, reaching to the brown margin. Scent-scales of the cf 

 long. — .Jamaica. 



P. celadon Lucas (= sinon Goclt. non Poda) (14c). Similar to the preceding species, but on the celadon, j^ 

 forewing the pale green discal band is continuous with the 3. and 4. pale green cell-bands, not with the 

 4. and 5.: the red line on the underside of the hindwing thin, shorter than in marcellinus. The anal tergite' 

 of the 'S is not divided, as the lateral prongs are absent. — Cuba; perhaps also in Florida. 



P. zonaria Btlr. (= sinon F. non Poda) (14c). The pale bands narrow; the 4. and 5. pale green zo«a/-/fl. ^ 

 cell-bands of the forewing continuous with the discal band, narrow, separated fi'om one another. — Haiti. 



P. philolaus Boisd. (14 d). Antenna black; the 7. pale green band of the forewing only represented /^/^'Vo/ttHi-. 

 by a spot ; hind^dng with 2 red spots posteriorly ; on the under surface the red line of the hindwing edged 

 with black at both sides, undulate anteriorly. Scent-scales of the cf short, broad, irregular, produced in a 

 number of filaments. The ? in 2 forms: S-f. philolaus Boisd. similar to the cf, the underside paler; ?-f. ^^.^^ 



niger Eimer ( — nigrescens Eimer; felicis Frtihst.) (14d), the pale green bands of the membrane of the wings niger. "^ 

 scaled with black, the wings therefore black with slight traces of the bands. — Larva not known. The 

 butterfly common from Mexico to Nicaragua, in low situations, often resting in crowds on the sand at the 

 edge of rivers. 



P. xanticles Bates (=; plaesiolaus Sfgr.) (16 b). The pale bands yellow, the 7. band of the forewing .vanticles. iy^ 

 continuous with the broad discal band, not as in pldlolaus replaced by a single spot. Two forms of the ?; 

 the one similar to the rj. which doubtless exists, has not yet to our knowledge been discovered; the second 

 form, ?-f. philenora Haase (^= sheba R. & J.), is black, with the exception of the yellow submarginal and phUenora. c^^ 

 the red anal spots. Scent-scales of the cf as in philolaus. — Panama and at the foot of the Santa Marta 

 in North Colombia. 



P. Oberthueri /;'. c& •/. fl4d). Similar to philolaus, the pale bands broader, the white discal area at oberthueri. 

 the 2. median about Vk times as broad as the black marginal area; hindwing narrower than in philolaus. 



