riibl. 3. xn. 09. iPEREUf E. By J. RaBEfi. 66 



on the under surface of the liindwing with ver}^ broad and deep black markings; the ? is a beautiful red- 

 brown on the proximal two-thirds of the forewing above, with small but deep black markings, the yellow 

 band occupying all the distal part of the area between the first two median veins very bi'oad and brightly 

 coloured, the hindwing is dark red-brown with broad and prominent black markings. The underside of the 

 forewing is mai-ked hke the upper, onlj- with somewhat paler colour, the underside of the hindwing is almost 

 entirely black-brown and has onl}' three narrow brick-red longitudinal stripes and at the anterior part of the ^^ 



distal margin three large lighter spots (not flame-shaped). — flamtnula subsp. nor., from Peru (Ghanchamayo), flammula. V^^ 

 is a large form, in the cf almost without any black at the distal margin of the hindwing, also beneath much 

 less marked than (//essaria , but with a considerable amount of sulphur-3^ellow at the distal and inner mar- 

 gins of the hindwing and some markings of the same tint also at the distal margin of the forewing. The ? 

 has on the upperside but little red-brown colouring, strongly mixed with yellow, the four flame-shaped spots 

 placed at the distal margin of the hindwing are lighter (yellower) than the proximal part and the black 

 markings are much reduced, there is a conspicuous j-ellow spot at the base before the subcostal, the yellow 

 band on the forewing is narrow and strongly dentate and the black markings are moderately developed. 

 The imder surface of tlie hindwing has a distinctive grey-yellow colour, the black markings at the distal 

 margin are very pale in contrast to the rest of the black markings. — fruhstorferi furm nov., from Panama, fmhstorferi. /^^ 

 is a ?-form with almost entirely black forewing. — carmenta Fn(li><t., from Peru, is probably the diy-seasonal carmenta. -/o^ 

 form of f.ammida ; it is considerably smaller and has fewer markings. — austriana Fruhst., from Bolivia, is austriana.-/ify 

 mai-ked like ghssaria on the forewing, the hindwing has a very narrow black distal margin. ? above with 

 lighter and more vivid yellow bauds and spots than c«riHe?2to, distal margin of the hindwing somewhat broader, 

 under surface of the forewing with more j'ellow spots, the under surface of the hindwing yellower and the 

 red median band more distinct. — The cfcf of this species, like most Pierids, are fond of moist places on 

 the ground, the ?? of the forest. 



P. f lava Oherth. ("20 f), from the provinces of Leopoldina, Espiritu Santo and Bahia, must be regarded /'a^'a- -/^r 

 as a separate species. The cf is yellow above and beneath with black apex to the forewing, in which the 

 tooth-shaped projection between the 2. and 3. median veins, which all the forms of pijrrha possess, is want- 

 ing, the ? has on the forewing a band which is sharply defined at both sides and on the hindwing a median 

 band which is likewise j'ellow but of a deeper tint. 



P. lorena Hew. (20 f), from Ecuador and Colombia, is white in the male above and beneath with lorena. ■^C'tT 

 black bands, the mider surface of the hindwing, in addition to the black markings of the upper surface which 

 may be seen in the figure, has also a black median band extending from the base to the middle of the 

 wing, which is divided longitudinally by a red stripe, and a black stripe at the costal margin. The very 

 differently coloured and marked ? has the markings beneath much as above. — jumena Fruhst., from Ecua- jumena. -/O^ 

 doi', is distinguished by a much narrower white subapical band which has the black bordering much broader; y 



on the under surface the red band is reduced and its black border broader. — luteifera Fruhst., from Peru luteifera. ^/y/ 

 (Ghanchamayo I, shows in the cf the white subapical band running to a point posteriorly, so that a wedge- 

 shaped instead of rectangular spot is formed, underside yellowish instead of white, underside of the hind- 

 wing in the marginal and basal areas more extended yellowish. — peruncta Fruhst, from Bolivia (Yungas peruncta. 

 de la Paz>, has broader black bands and the white subapical transverse spot is more symmetrical and nar- 

 rower, the under surface of the hindwing is more broadly margined with black than in luteifera and the 

 subapical band much lighter red. 



8. Genus: Pereiite B.-ScMff. 



The species of this genus differ widely from the typical Pierids in facies; in the style of marking 

 they have a distant resemblance to some Hehconines, but the form of the wings is quite different; among 

 the Pierids they stand with Archonias completely isolated. In neuration thej^ agree with Leodonta: the sub- 

 costal is three-branched with one branch before the discocellular, the 2, and 3. branches form a moderately 

 long fork, the precostal is weakly curved basad. The genus has its home about between 20" N. lat. and 

 30' S. lat. 



M .... , 



P. alitodyca Bdv. (21a), from the Brazilian province of Rio de Janeiro, is in the d' black above, autodyca. -^^ 



scaled \vith grey at the apex and on the posterior part of the forewing as well as on the hindwing with 

 the exception of the distal margin, in the middle of the forewing the red band of the under surface shows 

 through indistinctly. The ? is only scaled with grey on the basal part of both wings and bears on the 

 middle of the forewing a broad brick-red transverse band, which is divided by the black veins. The dark 

 under surface shows at the costal margin of the hindwing a large tear-shaped sulphur-yellow spot and at 

 the base two red spots; in the cf the red band of the forewing is narrowed in the anterior part, the cf has 

 further a white-red longitudinal band on the middle of the posterior part of the forewing, ^- bardela Fn«/!s^., bardela. '^y^ 

 from Rio Grande do Sul, which according to the description is smaller, on the upperside darker and there- 

 fore with less grey and rose-coloured scales, also on the underside of the forewing on the red transverse 

 band towards the costa whitish instead of rose-colour, can scarcely be distinguished from autodiic.a according 

 V 9 



