GATOPSILIA. By J. Rober. 85 



streaks. Under surface of the forewing at the base lemon-yellow, at the apex slightly dusted with red- 

 brownish. The hindwing has a scarcelj' perceptible yellow tinge and before the distal margin a stripe com- 

 posed of brownish atoms, which, however, is not at all conspicuous. Only known to me from the description. 



T. agave Cr. (== jodutta iif6«., phiale Gorf^., m&n'a. Bdv.) (24 f), from Surinam, has the forewing much agave. ^0/ 

 rounded and very narrow. Upper surface white' with black markings at the apex and blackish dusting 

 at the base of the forewing. Under surface white on the proximal part of both wings, otherwise yellow, 

 with a black dot at the discocellular of the hindwing and slight blackish markings on the hindwing. 



T. messalina F. Shape and size as raliel. Upper surface white, distal margin of the forewing and messalina yy^ 

 a mai-ginal spot on the hindwing black. Under surface yellow, with a brown spot at the apex of the forewing, 

 a marginal spot and black scales on the hindwing. — Jamaica. 



T. gnathene Bdc Shape and size of cdbida. Upper surface Avhite with a very slight greenish tinge, gnathene. ^f' 

 black distal margin, which is rather strongh' wideiied at the apex and terminates in the anal angle of the 

 hindwing. Under surface of the forewing white, at the base and apex lemon-yellow, a longitudinal row of 

 reddish spots at the inner margin, a blackish spot at the apex, a violet subapical spot. Under surface of 

 the hindwing yellowish, -nith a small, light rust-brown lunular spot at the margin of the cell, a deep rust- 

 brown and a deep red-brown spot (less sharply defined) at its posterior margin. — Yucatan and Cuba. 



T. phiale 0-. (24f), from the eastern part of tropical South America, is white with black margin to phiale. rf^ 

 the forewing and narrow black distal margin to the hindwing, before which is placed a hght yellow band. 

 The under siu-face is light yeUow and almost without markings except for two black dots at the discocellular - 



of the hindwing. — Columbia Fldr. (= phialina Stgr. I. I.), from Colombia and Bolivia, has somewhat fo/u«6;«. ^ 

 narrower distal margin on the forewing, proximally almost rectilinear, and the black distal margin of the 

 hindwing less developed. — Whether paula form, nov., from Sao Paulo, is a separate species or a iorm panla.^y^ 

 (perhaps a seasonal form) of pidale, I cannot say from the two male specimens before me. The black distal 

 margin of the forewing onh" reaches to the first median vein, that of the hindwing is broken up into small 

 dots and the under surface of the hindwing is dark yellow. Has two conspicuous black dots at the disco- 

 cellular and copious grey-brown macular marking. The apex of the forewing is likewise dark yellow. 



20. Genus: C/atopsilia Hbn. ^ 



This genus has about the same range as Terias. In the mountains no species appears to ascend 

 beyond 2000 m. The species which belong here are mostly of considerable size and fine, sometimes con- 

 spicuous, colouring. The powerfully built body and the shape of the wings make the insects particularly 

 adapted for swift flight. They use this capacity for distant migrations, in which extraordinarily large crowds 

 sometimes participate, their passage often lasting for hours. Apart from this the common species occur 

 in large swaims, enliven the damp banks of the rivers and contribute materially to the character of the 

 fauna of their district. The C^dopsilia-d'cf are not only immoderate water-drinkers, but are also attracted by 

 human sweat and urine, as Dr. Fb. Ohaus proved during his travels in South America. He also observed 

 swarms of Catopsdia on the stranded bodies of fishes. The ?? mostly remain in the woods and visit flowers, 

 on which of course cfcf are also to be met with when they seek the company of the ¥?. — The rather 

 large head has prominent naked eyes, the palpi only project a little beyond the head, the antennae are 

 short and moderately soft, without distinct club, with truncate or indented tip. Subcostal four-branched, 

 the first branch beyond half way between the base and the discocellular, the second branch arising shortly 

 before the discocellular, the fourth branch running into the distal margin, the upper radial coincident with the 

 subcostal to ' J, the middle discocellular shorter than the proximally curved lower one. Hindwing rounded, in 

 some species prolonged into a tail at the submedian. The precostal is a mere knob. The larvae have the 

 usual Pierid shape and granulated skin, are grey or green and have a light lateral longitudinal stripe; they 

 live on Cassia. The pupae are rather variously shaped ; as far as they are knoAvn they will be described 

 under the respective species. — Contrary to the usual custom I refer (with A. G. Butlek) menippe to the 

 following genus, from which it only differs in neuration by an unimportant deviation, whilst in its other 

 characters menippje agi-ees with Gonepteryx. — This genus contains some species which in beauty must be 

 considered as the chmax of development among the Pierids. 



C. eubule L. (= marcellina CV.) (25 a) occurs from New England to Argentina, also on the Antilles, enbuie. 4ljf 

 Upper .surface in the cf lemon-yellow, lighter at the distal margins, and with black marginal hne. Beneath 

 somewhat paler yellow with a silvery "eight", edged with red-brown, on each wing at the discocellular, a 

 black marginal line and in-egular dark markings on both wings. The ? is somewhat paler yellow, has a 

 row of marginal spots on both wings, a large black median spot on the forewing and sometimes more or 

 less dark browTi marking. The under surface is deeper yellow and more marked than in the cf . — sennae X. .<(' 

 = yamana lieak.) is beneath deeper yellow and more abundantly marked, the ? being pale orange-yello\\ 



^//" 



