Branner — Geology of the Haivaiian Islands. 313 

 11 





An old gully on the east side of Kokohead filled with tuff from the newer 

 crater. From a photograph by F. E. Harvey. 



The deepest part of the smaller crater is now being filled bj 

 debris washed down from the east slope of Kokohead. The 

 west side of the small crater is now about 120 feet above the 

 bottom of the pit. This entire wall is made up of tnffs with 

 which are mingled corals, shells and other bits of reef rock. 

 The lumps of coral are sometimes as much as a foot and a half 

 in diameter, but for the most part they are smaller. These bits 

 are usually well preserved and the life forms are readily recog- 

 nizable. They are rather evenly scattered through the tuft's. 

 The study of these fossils would be of much interest, as it would 

 possibly show the age of the reef through which the crater 

 broke and thus give us another clue to the ages of the various 

 eruptions. 



The beds from the smaller crater lap over and form the ridge 

 that separates it from Hanauma Bay. This bay is not the site of a 

 single crater as stated by Dutton,^ but of several small ones. 

 It is worthy of note also that the exposure on the sea shore that 

 so closely resembles a section cut through to the middle of a 

 crater is not such a section, but rather the encroachment of the 

 sea upon this group of live or six craters. 



* Fourth Ann. Eep. U. S. Geol. Survey, 218. 



