T. Holm — Studies in the Cyperacece. 61 



Carex Engelmannii : Khizome stoloniferous, densely matted : 

 culms numerous until 15°™ in height, erect, cylindric, sulculate, 

 glabrous : leaves a little shorter than the culms, often curved, 

 filiform, scabrous above, their sheaths light brown, persisting, 

 not fibrillose : spike one, andipgynous, globular, l^"" in length : 

 scale of staminate flower lanceolate, reddish brown with pale 

 midrib: scale of pistillate flower (fig. 2), broader, acute, red- 

 dish brown with pale, excurrent midrib and membranaceous 

 margins : utriculus (fig. 1) membranaceous, glabrous, tapering 

 into a distinct bidentate-beak, at maturity not surpassing the 

 scale, two-nerved, the nerves obsolete: caryopsis stipitate, 

 obovate : rhacheola (R. in fig. 3) quite long: stigmas three. 



The presence of the very distinct rhacheola was observed by 

 Engelmann, who had made some sketches in lead-pencil repre- 

 senting the utricle and the pistil, which accompanied the 

 specimens. In a pressed and dried state the species somewhat 

 resembles C. Breweri, but when prepared in diluted alcohol 

 the utricle shows a marked difference by being much narrower, 

 much less inflated and especially by the beak being bidentate ; 

 but the anatomical structure of this organ, the utricle, agrees 

 otherwise with that of C. Breiueri. 



In considering the leaf of C. Engelmannii^ this is somewhat 

 broader and distinctly condnplicate, with a larger ventral face; 

 the outer cell-wall of epidermis is heavily thickened, and 

 roundish papillse abound on the upper surface; no bulliform 

 cells are developed, and there are only two or three strata of 

 colorless tissue on the upper face in the middle of the blade, 

 separating epidermis from the green parenchyma. The meso- 

 phyll consists of very irregular palisades with large intercellular 

 spaces and shows besides several lacunes of considerable width. 

 The stereome and the mestome bundles show the same develop- 

 ment as observed in 0. Breioeri. 



The culm is very thin and furrowed, and exhibits a very 

 open internal structure. The cortical parenchyma is traversed 

 by wide lacunes separated from the pith only by a single or 

 two layers of green parenchyma, and the pith itself is very 

 thin-walled and broken down in the center. 



The fourth member of Professor Bailey's Physocepkalce is 

 Carex physodes Bieb., but it is hardly necessary to mention 

 this species any further since it being a ^^Vignea^^ can not 

 possibly be placed in this section of ^'Carices geniiinmP We 

 have copied one of the inflorescences, figured by Boott (fig. 7),' 

 and it is at once noticed that the utricles exhibit a very anoma- 

 lous structure, described by Treviranus in Flora Rossica as 

 follows : " Utriculus maturescens magnitudine et forma fruc- 

 tuum Corni mascidm et Taxi haccatcje, angulis destitutus, 



