an 



d Old World Birches. 191 



piihescens, ? carpatica^ Eegel in DC. 1. c. 168 (1861). B. 

 odorata^ var. co/rpatica., Lange, Haandb.. ed. 3, 708 (1861). 

 B. odorata, var. r?iornhifolia, Lange, Fl. Dan., xvi, t. 2851 

 (1871 ). — Anticosti, Quebec ; Albeeta ; and northward ; Scax- 

 DixATiA to Geema^st, Attsteia and ErssiA. (PI. T, figs. 13-11.) 



B. PEXDULA, Roth, FL Germ, i, 105 (1788). B. verrucosa, 

 Ehrh., Beitr. vi, 98 (1791). B. alba, var. verrucosa, Wallr., 

 Sched. Crit., 495 (1822). B. alia. var. vulgaris, Spach, 1. c. 

 186 (1811). B. odorata, Eeichenb., Ic. FL Germ., xii, fig. 

 1288 (1850), not Bechst. B. guramifera, BertoL, FL It., x, 

 229 (1851). B. alha, subsp. verrucosa, a, vulgaris and 5. resin- 

 ifera (in part), Eegel in DC, 1. c. 163, 164 (1864). B. Icenaica, 

 W. H. Evans, Bot'T Gaz., xxvii, 481 (1899), in part. B. cdas- 

 Ticina, Sargent, Bot. Gaz., xxxi, 236 (1901), mostly. — Quebec to 

 Illinois, Albeeta, Mackenzie and Alaska : Eurox:)e and Asia, 

 widely distributed. (PI. Y, figs. 15-18 ; PL YI, figs. 19-22.) 



B. PEXDULA, var. japoxica, Eehder in Bailey. Cyc. Am. 

 Hort., i, 159 (1900). B. japonica. Siebold, Yerh. Batav. Gen. 

 xii, 25 (1830). B. latifolia, Tausch, Fl. Eatisb., 751 (1838). 

 B. alba, subsp. verrucosa, 8 resinifera, Eegel in DC, 1. c. 164, 

 in part ; subsp. raandshurica and latifolia. Ees^el, 1. c. 165 

 (1864). B.lenaica, W. H. Evans, I.e. (1899),^ mostly. B. 

 cdasliana, Sargent, 1. c. (1901), in part. — Suxgaeia to Japax, 

 north to the Yenisei Eiver, Sibeeia, and Ka^itschatka ; east 

 to Peel Eiver and Fort Simpson, Mackenzie, and along the 

 Alaska coast; and apparentlv on the coast of Washington 

 Co., Maine (trees sterile). (PI. YI, figs. 23, 24.) 



B. POPULiFOLiA, Marshall, Arbust. Am., 19 (1785). B. cdha, 

 var. populifolia. Spach, Ann. Sci. Xat., ser. 2, xv, 187 (1841). 

 B. alia, subsp. popidifolia, Eegel, in DC, 1. c. 164 (1864).— 

 Peince Edwaed Island to central Maine, southwestern Que- 

 bec, and western Xew Yoek, south mostly on the coastal plain 

 to Delawaee. 



B. MicEOPHYLLA, Buugc, St. Petcrsb. Mem. Savans Etrang., 

 ii (1835), 606— reprint, "fl Alt. Suppl. 84. B. occidentalis, 

 Xutt., Sylva, i, 22, t. 7 (1842), not Hook. B. rhomlifolia, 

 iXutt., 1. c. 24, t. 8, not Tausch. B. fruticosa, var. cuneifolia, 

 Eegel, Mon. Bet. (1861) 35, t. 7, figs. 16-23. B. alia, subsp. 

 soongorica, Eegel, Bull. Soc. Imp. Xat. Mosc, vi, (1868) — 

 reprint, Enum. PL Semenow (1869) 99. B. fontincdis, Sar- 

 gent, Bot. Gaz. xxxi, 23 (1901). — In the mountains from 

 Alaska to northern Califoenia, Saskatchewan, South Da- 

 kota, and New Mexico; Altai and Tyan Shan Mts., central 

 Asia. (PL YI, figs. 25-32.) 



B. NANA, L., var. Michauxil Eegel, Mon. Bet. (1861), 45. 

 B. JSIichauxii, Spach, 1. c. 195 (1841). Apterocaryon 2fichav.:eii, 

 Opiz, Lotos, V (1855), 258. — Hudson Bay, Labeadoe and 

 Xeweount)lant). (PL YI, figs. 47, 48.) 



