Karyogamy 26 



Delayed reduction 27 



Number of chromosomes 28 



Fusion 28 



Sexual compatibility 28 



Inheritance of: 



Sex 28 



Cultural characters 29 



Color 29 



Mutability 30 



Hyphal branches 30 



Lysis 31 



Formation of chlamydospores 31 



Pathogenicity 31 



Toxic effect of smut 31 



Smut control 32 



Seed treatment 32 



Sanitation 32 



Crop rotation 32 



Application of fertilizers 32 



Cultural practices 33 



Spraying 33 



Biological control 33 



Development of resistant varieties 33 



Varietal resistance 33 



Breeding for resistance 34 



Nature of resistance 34 



References and bibliography 34 



Literature cited and references 35 



Figures 



1 6 



2 9 



3 9 



4 10 



5 11 



6 12 



7 14 



8 IS 



9 22 



10 22 



11 23 



12 24 



13 24 



14 25 



15 26 



16 27 



17 28 



18 28 



19 29 



20 29 



21 30 



