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University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 



that is measured by the D 2 analysis can be tied in with definite, accepted neo- 

 zoological subspecific classification because the distance between modern subspe- 

 cies has been calculated on the same basis. When the distances seems to be of the 

 same general magnitude as among Recent subspecies, the same taxonomic ranking 

 should be applied. The magnitude of interspecific differences is apparent in the 

 comparisons between Canis petrolei and C. lupus and C. petrolei and C. latrans 



orcutti. 



D 2 Analysis 



In table 5 the D 2 values for the various groups have been listed in order of de- 

 creasing magnitude. The greater the Z> 2 value, the less the affinity between the two 

 groups. Figures 2 to 4 show approximate relationships. The differences are all 



TABLE 5 

 Values of Z) 2 Arranged in Increasing Order of Magnitude 



(Abbreviations: oc = C. I. ochropus; me = C. I. mearnsi; le = C. I. testes; 

 Ob = C. I. orcutti (RLB); o m = C. I. orcutti (McK); lp = C. lepophagus.) 



C. I. ochropus C. I. mearnsi C. I. lestes C. I. orcutti (RLB) C. I. orcutti (McK) C. lepophagus 



CRANIUM (BOTH SEXES) 



Ob 3.804 

 me 1.627 

 le 0.634* 



o b 5.119 

 oc 1.627 

 le 1.176 



o b 3.492 

 me 1 . 176 

 oc 0.634* 



me 5.119 

 oc 3.804 

 le 3.492 



CRANIUM (MALES ONLY) 



me 4.277 

 le 1.298 b 



oc 

 le 



4.277 

 2.709 



me 2.709 

 oc 1.298 b 



MANDIBLE 



o b 4.502 



o m 6.423 



lp 3.828 



me 4.863 



me 6.423 



me 5.981 



o m 4.449 



lp 5.981 



o m 3.636 



lp 4.581 



lp 4.946 



o m 4.946 



lp 4.191 



o b 4.863 



o b 3.214 



oc 4.502 



oc 4.449 



o b 4.581 



me 0.743 



oc 0.743 



me 0.559° 



le 3.214 



le 3.636 



oc 4.191 



le 0.268 



le 0.559° 



oc 0.268* 



o m 1.520* 



o b 1.520* 



le 3.828 



* Not significant at .05 level. 



b Significant at .05 level. 



! Significant at .02 level. 



significant by the c/u-square test at the 1 per cent level except as noted in the 

 table. The correction factor for small samples has not been applied to the few 

 dimensions that might require it, as it is not likely to affect the results per- 

 ceptibly. 



In the mandible analysis, the two groups of Canis latrans orcutti, one from 

 Rancho La Brea and the other from the McKittrick tar seeps, exhibit the phe- 

 nomenon called "clustering" by Rao (1952). Although this is in no way a precise 

 term, it can be observed that in all but one of the columns containing both groups 

 they fall together, indicating a strong resemblance. When the two are tested 

 against each other, the difference is not significant, and is the lowest in the column. 



