MR MILNE ON THE MID-LOTHIAN AND EAST-LOTHIAN COAL-FIELDS. 



325 



of Cowpits, in the Water of Leith, at the Dean Bridge in a quarry there, and for 

 some distance above that quarry in the channel of the river. It may also be seen 

 at a variety of places, the level of which is much above that of the boulder-clay, 

 and resting immediately on the subjacent rocks, — as, for example, at Cousland, 

 Chalkieside, Garlton HiUs, Fullarton, colliers' houses near Carlops, Langlaw and 

 Whitehouse quarries. The two last-mentioned quarries are not far from the 

 summit of the Roman Camp, and are probably about 200 feet below it. There 

 is a quarry nearer the summit of that hiU, where I think it does not exist. My 

 present impression is, that this upper covering of gravel exists in our district as 

 high as 900 feet above the sea. 



This gravel appears to me to have been spread over the country, after the 

 present inequalities of hill and valley had been formed. It exists in most places 

 between the sea-shore and the old bank formerly spoken of. It exists even on 

 the ground sloping down to rivers. At the Water of Leith, about half a mile 

 above the Dean Bridge, the following section presents itself : — 



A is a steep bank, on the south side, sloping to the river, about 40 feet high. 

 B is a steep bank, on the north side of the river. 

 C is low flat ground, between the river and the bank. 

 D is the channel of the river. 

 f is the boulder-clay. 

 « is the upper deposit of gravel now treated of. 



On the west bank of Bilston-burn, and about half a mile north of Pentland 

 village, the following section occurs : 





