XIPH0ST0MAX. 259 



Analogies of the European and American Salmon. 



American Salmon. Resemblances. European Salmon. 



Characixus Artedi. [ M ™* ^jj 66 * minute > j Coregonus Art. 



Sereasal.mo Lac. \ Mouth larger ' teetb strong ' I Salmo Linn. 

 I numerous. _) 



CVNODON Spix. Pl° U }K eXC f si ^ el y lar g e i?LAURIDA Arist. 



1 I teeth long, slender, unequal. 3 



Gasteropelicus Bl. ' Mouth small, vertical. Anastomus Cuv. 



Piabucus Cuv. Anal fin very long. Mallotus Cuv. 



(227.) We now come to the three aberrant types of 

 this sub-family, represented, as we conceive, by the 

 genera Xiphostoma Spix, Stemoptyoc Herm., and Sudis 

 Cuv. The first of these is represented by one of the 

 most singular forms among the salmons; and so strongly 

 does it recall to our mind the form of the Xiphias, that 

 it may be termed the sword-fish of the salmons. It 

 will be seen, from the annexed cut (fig, 53.) that the 



53 



body is elongated ; and although both jaws are con- 

 siderably lengthened, the upper one slightly exceeds the 

 other, and terminates in a small but very distinct point: 

 the angulated upper jaw, so conspicuous in the last 

 group, is also continued to this, and there is a small 

 adipose fin ; here, however, all similarity between them 

 ceases. The first dorsal fin is placed much nearer the 

 caudal, and both that and the adipose fin are situated 

 rather behind the ventral and anal : the teeth are, very 

 remarkable : being all equal, with their points directed 

 backwards : the ventral and anal fins are triangular, and 

 of equal size ; while the hard compact scales, marked 

 with longitudinal elevations, remind us immediately of 

 Laurida. In the sub- genus Hepsetus Sw., which in- 

 cludes the African or Old World representatives of the 

 American Xiphostomi, the jaws, although narrow and 



s 2 



