.periment. 



( 



calculation. 







52-79 



C 3 o 



180 





5-87 



H 2n 



20 



• • * 



4-10 



N 



14 



37-49 



37.24 



I 



127 



PRODUCED BY DISTILLATION OF CINCHONINE. 325 



Hydriodate of Amyl-Lepidine. — On treating lepidine with iodide of amyl in a 

 pressure- tube at 212° for some hours, a finely crystallized salt is obtained, rather 

 sparingly soluble in water ; it was analysed by determining the percentage of iodine. 



8*685 grains of hydriodate of amyl-lepidine gave 

 6*025 ... iodide of silver. 



corresponding to 37'49 per cent. ; hydriodate of amyl-lepidine requires the follow- 

 ing numbers : — 



Carbon, 

 Hydrogen, 

 Nitrogen, 

 Iodine, 



100-00 341 



Hydriodate of Methyl-Lepidine is a finely crystallized body, but its history, 

 and that of the analogous salt C 3 H, below it, will be given in another paper, in 

 which the leukoline of Hofmann will be compared with pure chinoline. 



The experiments detailed prove, therefore, that cinchonine, by distillation with 

 potash, yields pyrrol, pyridine, picoline, lutidine, collidine, chinoline, and lepidine, 

 a result which indicates a total breaking up of the cinchonine, and of this the ap- 

 pearance of pyrrol may be considered as a further confirmation, my experiments 

 having shewn that that substance is, in general, characteristic of the complex 

 decomposition of nitrogenous substances. 



When feathers, wool, or hair, are distilled^?- se, sufficient pyrrol is evolved to 

 give a reaction instantly, with deal wood moistened with hydrochloric acid, and 

 as the experiment can be made in a test-tube, it serves very well for lecture illustra- 

 tion. Feathers yield a very large quantity of bases and carbonate of ammonia 

 when distilled. The former appear, from my experiments (which, as yet, have only 

 been on a very small scale), to contain some different from those at present known. 

 Pyrrol possesses perhaps, as high an interest as any basic substance obtained by 

 destructive distillation ; and it is singular, that most nitrogenized bodies, when 

 burnt with soda-lime, by Will and Varrentrap's process for determining the 

 nitrogen, evolve pyrrol, which, passing through the acid in the bulbs, may be recog- 

 nised by the reaction with deal wood and hydrochloric acid. Among the bodies 

 tried in this manner, and found to give unequivocal reactions, may be mentioned, 

 guanos, dried turnips, oil-cake, hay, and para grass. Whether these facts prove a 

 loss of nitrogen, is at present doubtful, but the question will probably be solved, 

 when Dr Anderson's researches on the pyrrol series of bases from Dippel's oil are 

 completed. 



vol. xxi. part ii. 4 s 



