DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF ANIMAL MATTERS. 



585 



Temperature of the air, 



vapour, 

 Excess of weight of the balloon, 

 Capacity of do. 

 Barometer, 

 Residual air, 

 Specific gravity of the vapour, 



The formula C U H 9 N requires 



14 vol. carbon vapour, 

 18 vol. hydrogen, 

 2 vol. nitrogen, 



= 0-8290x14 = 11-6060 

 = 0-0692x18= 1-2456 

 = 0-9713 x 2= 1-9426 



14-7942 



17° cent. 

 201° „ 

 0-4493 grammes. 

 302 c. c. 

 776 m. m. 

 

 3-839 



■ = 3-699 



In the following table I have collected the whole of the data, all having been 

 carefully redetermined with much purer materials than those used in my ori- 

 ginal experiments, — 





Formula. 



Boiling Point. 



Specific Gravity. 



Specific 



Volume 



at 32°. 



Diff. 



Vapour. 



Liquid at 32° 



Pyridine, 

 Picoline, 

 Lutidine, 

 Collidine, 



C 10 H 5 N 

 C ]2 H 7 N 

 C U H 9 N 



C 16 H n N 



242° 

 275° 

 310° 

 356° 



2-916 

 3-290 

 3-839 



0-9858 

 0-9613 

 0-9467 

 0-9439 



80-1 



96-7 



113-0 



128-2 



16-6 

 16-3 

 15-2 



The boiling points of pyridine, picoline, and lutidine agree remarkably well 

 with Kopp's law, but collidine differs very materially from it. Less reliance, 

 however, is to be placed upon the boiling point of the last substance, as it was 

 determined upon a very small quantity of material. The specific gravities of the 

 vapours agree very closely with theory, while those of the fluids themselves, 

 taken at 32°, illustrate also in a very remarkable manner the gradual diminution 

 which is observed when we ascend through a series of homologous substances. 

 To these experimental numbers have been added the specific volumes of the bases 

 at 32°, calculated from the data they afford : but no determinations of the co- 

 efficient of expansion of these substances having been made, it is not possible 

 to ascertain their specific volumes at the boiling points, although from the rapidity 

 of their expansion, I believe it will be found that the difference must approach 

 very closely to 22, which is that produced in non-nitrogenous substances by the 

 addition of C 2 H 2 to their atom. 



