128 DR LAUDER LINDSAY ON THE SPERMOGONES AND PYCNIDES 
flattened lacinia, and is apparently referrible to the same variety as No.1. The 
surface is abundantly warted over with both spermogonal and soredic tubercles ; 
hence, probably, the source of the name given it by Taytor. 
Specimen 3.—Hepp. exs. 167, var. ampliata ; in fruit; on old fruit-trees. The 
smallest and lowest specimen in my copy has spermogones, scattered over the 
edges and towards the ends of the laciniz, as yellowish tubercles. The envelope 
is of a pale brown, or colourless. 
Specimen 4.—Teneriffe ; in Hookerian Herb., Kew. The segments of the thallus 
are linear or narrow, but flat. The margins are roughened or warted over with 
spermogonal warts, whose ostioles are either pale or black-punctate. In the latter 
case they are easily discoverable. The spermatia are about azwth long; the ste- 
rigmata jgqth. The greater frequency of the black-punctate condition of the 
ostiole in foreign, than in British specimens, is one great reason why the spermo- 
cones of the former are generally more easily recognised. 
Specimen 5.—Philippine Islands, Cumine; in Hookerian Herb., Kew; sterile 
segments of thallus linear and flat. The spermogones are marked by a central 
brown pore or ostiole; they are scattered over the surface of the lacinize about 
their tips; they are here easily discoverable under the lens. The spermatia are 
about z;th long; the sterigmata ;;th to jth. 
Specimen 6.—Sub Lichen calicaris, Linn., in Herbarium Linneei, preserved in 
the Library of the Linnzan Society of London. ‘The thallus is dotted abundantly 
over with spermogones, the ostioles of which are minute black dots or points. 
Specimen 7.—Forfarshire ; T. Drummonp, in Hookerian Herb., Kew; a form 
passing into &. scopulorum. The thallus is very dark, and is covered with sper- 
mogones. In &. calicaris, the cellular capsule or envelope of the spermogone is 
generally about goth thick. 
SPECIES 2. &. scopulorum, Ach., 
Which is nearly as widely distributed over the world as &. calicaris, being found 
in Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia. 
Specimen 1.—Isle of Bute ; in Hookerian Herb., Kew; a small, delicate form, 
with round filiform segments. ‘These are abundantly warted over, especially 
near their tips, with spermogones, having black-punctate ostioles. Hence these 
organs are here easily recognisable on the pale lemon-yellow thallus. The size 
and form of the spermogones vary greatly. The sterigmata are about jth long, 
and sub-ramose at base; the spermatia sub-ellipsoid, about sath long, with a 
breadth of ssoth. 
Specimen 2.—Rocks on the sea-coast, between Burntisland and Aberdour, Fife ; 
collected May 1856, by Dr Murray Linpsay. Spermogones are abundantly scat- 
tered over the exceedingly deformed, rigid, dark-coloured segments of the thallus, as 

