134 DR LAUDER LINDSAY ON THE SPERMOGONES AND PYCNIDES 
apothecia. The sterigmata are linear, simple, ramose at the base, as in Ramalina, 
and about jth to path long. Each gives off from its apex an oval or pyriform 
stylospore, irregular in shape, and closely resembling similar corpuscles in the 
pycnides of Peltigera. They vary in length from zsth to smth, their breadth 
being frequently so small as ya0th. 
In other species, spermogones of the ordinary characters occur. In A. lata they 
are minute, black, flattish tubercles or warts, scattered along the edges and about 
the ends of the delicate filiform ramuscles of the thallus. The spermatia are 
straight, linear, and very small, their length being about jauth, their breadth 
sooth. The sterigmata are also linear, short, and simple, of equal width with 
the spermatia, which appear as terminal cells, having a length of about sath to 
sath. In A. Taylort the spermogones are quite of a different character, and 
assimilate those of Newropogon. They constitute fusiform irregular swellings of 
the black apices of the ultimate ramuscles of the thallus, which swellings are 
studded over with numerous minute perforations or ostioles. Their cavity is 
generally compound or sinuous, a result of the confiuence of many spermogones. 
The spermatia and sterigmata are similar to those of Usnea and Neuropogon, 
though considerably larger and more distinct than those of the former genus. 
NYLANDER describes the spermatia of Alectoria as slightly thickened at both ends, 
or slightly constricted or thinner in the middle. This I have not specially observed. 
Species l. A. jubata, Ach., 
Which is widely distributed over the world, occurring in Europe, America, and 
Asia. 
Specimen 1.—ScH=ReEr exs., No. 496 (sub Parmelia jubata § cana); on trunks 
of firs, Mount Gurnigel. Spermogonal warts are abundant at the angles 
and junctions of the thalline filaments. The form and size of the contained cor- 
puscles, which I venture to call stylospores, are so irregular and variable, that 
they have the aspect rather of the bodies just named as they occur in Lecidea 
Smithii, L.Walrothu, Peltigera, and in other lichens, than of true spermatia, while 
the conceptacles in which they occur have rather the external aspect of spermo- 
gones than of pycnides. In many of the stylospores there is a dark spot like a 
nucleus, which is probably a rudimentary septum, a phenomenon which is never 
observed to occur in true spermatia. The spermogonal warts here are abundant, 
black on the surface, irregular in outline, and generally flattened. 
Specimen 2.—ScHERER exs. 392, associated with Lvernia divaricata, Ach. ; on 
the trunks of trees in alpine woods, Switzerland. The spermogonal warts are 
precisely as above described. The stylospores are oval or pyriform, about ath 
to swth long, with a breadth of about is;th, of minute size, therefore, compared 
with those of Peliigera. The sterigmata are linear, plaples ramose at base, as in 
Ramalina, with a length of about zath to guth. 

