146 DR LAUDER LINDSAY ON THE SPERMOGONES AND PYCNIDES 
Species 3. B. rufus, Ach. 
(Syn. B. rupesiris, Pers.; Biatora byssoides, Fries.,; Sphyridium fungiforme, 
Schrad., Kors., 273.) 
Like B. roseus, this species occurs alike in Europe, America, and New Zealand. 
Korser describes its spermogones as small, brown warts, sometimes compara- 
tively distinct, with oval spermatia. 
Species 4. B. icmadophilus, Ach. 
(Syn. Lecidea, Ach.; Biatora, Fries.; Lichen ericetorum, Smitu Engl. Bot., 
372; Lecidea cwruginosa, ScHzR. exs., 216; Icmadophila wruginosa, 
Scop., Korb., 151). 
This species has a comparatively wide geographical distribution, occurring in 
Europe, North America, and India. Korser says, he never found separate or 
isolated spermogones in this species. But once, on making a section of an apo- 
thecium, in a part of the hypothecial tissue he came unexpectedly upon a number 
of atomic, linear bodies, endowed with a molecular movement, having all the ap- 
pearance of spermatia. He evidently means to imply, that the spermogones here 
are sunk in the hypothecium below the hymenium of the apothecium; for he 
throws out the suggestion, that they may stand in the same relation that those 
of Celidium fusco-purpurcum do according to TuLASNE.* I have found this posi- 
tion of the spermogones in one or two instances only ; but I suspect that it is not 
so uncommon as we are at present led to believe. In such a position, spermo- 
gones are extremely apt to be overlooked, and it were well, I think, that the 
attention of future observers in spermogonology should be directed to this circum- 
stance. 
FAMILY VI. SpHaRoPHORE. 
GENUS I. SpH#£ROPHORON, Pers. 
The spermogones may be described, in general terms, as small but distinct 
black or brown cones or tubercles, either perched singly on the tips of the ultimate 
ramuscles, as in S. coralloides, or scattered in groups along the zigzag or angular 
edges of compressed, flattened segments, as in S. compressum. ‘They are some- 
times dotted over the angles of the ramuscles in S. coralloides ; but this is very 
rare, while it is a general phenomenon in S. compressum. In S. coralloides, the 
cone form predominates, with a brown colour ; in compressum, the flattened tuber- 
culated form with a black colour. In the former, the shape is intermediate be- 
tween the barrel-like spermogone of Cladonia or Cetraria, and the papilla of Sticta 
* «Mémoire pour servir a |’Histoire Organographique et Physiologique des Lichens.” By M. 
L. R. Tuxasne, Aide-naturaliste an Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris. Annales des Sciences 
Naturelles, 3d Series, vol. xvii., Botanical Part, 1852, p. 121; Plate 14, f. 12. 

