148 DR LAUDER LINDSAY ON THE SPERMOGONES AND PYCNIDES 
Specimen 1.—Glen Dee, Braemar, on quartz boulders; in abundant fruit; 
August 1856, W. L. L. The spermogones are abundant on the tips of the smaller 
ramuscles, which surround those bearing apothecia. They are deep brown, cone- 
shaped bodies, with an imperceptible pore or ostiole; they are generally single, 
one on each ramuscle; occasionally they are grouped in twosor threes. In general 
appearance they somewhat resemble the spermogones of Cetraria islandica. 
The spermatia are straight and rod-shaped, about sath to gath long. On first 
emerging from the spermogone, they frequently appear sub-ovoid or ellipsoid, 
probably from their being coated with some of the spermogonal mucilage in. which 
they are imbedded. In other specimens, on granite, the spermogones are some- 
what older; they appear as deep brown rings, occupying the same site as above 
mentioned. Here the ostiole is large, round, and patent, as in Cladonia. The 
envelope, as in the former case, consists of a deep brown cellular tissue. The 
sterigmata are sometimes composed of a few delicate linear cells or articulations. 
The spermatia are even smaller than those above described, being only about 
moth, and they are more frequently sub-ellipsoid in form. 
Specimen 2.—On boulders of granite and other rocks; roadside opposite In- 
vercauld, Braemar, August 1856, W. L. L.; sterile. Here the spermogones are 
old; the cones are flattened on the apex; the ostiole large and patent, with a 
prominent, brown, thick margin, and depressed occasionally so as to give the 
spermogone a saucer-like appearance. 
Specimen 3.—On rocks of mica slate and gneiss, Craig-y-Barns, Dunkeld, April 
1856, W. L. L. Young spermogones are abundant on the brown tips of the ulti- 
mate ramuscles. 
Specimen 4.—Walls, Ingleby Park, Cleveland,: Yorkshire, 1856, collected by 
W.Mupp. The spermogones are here sparingly scattered on the brown tips of the 
most delicate ramuscles; they are papillar, with an imperceptible ostiole, and are 
easily recognised from the contrast of their deep brown colour with the pale 
waxy-gray of the thallus. 
Specimen 5.—Straits of Magellan, Wurinnire; in Herb. Hooker, Kew. The 
plant is sterile, and the whole thallus is much warted and deformed. ‘The tips 
of all the innumerable terminal ramuscles of the much-branching thallus are 
studded with black, papillar spermogones. 
Specimen 6.—Russian America, 1837, and North-west America, Doucuas; in 
Herb. Hooker, Kew. The spermogones are here arranged as in compresswuin; 
they are few, and scattered on the angles about the ends of the ramuscles, as well 
as seated on their apices. This may be regarded as a transition form between 
coralloides and compressum. A specimen from Jamaica, WiLson, also in the 
Hookerian Herbarium, is labelled compresswm by NyLANDER himself; it certainly 
has the spermogones of the latter: but the thallus has all the aspect of that of 
coralloides. In American specimens, the thallus generally branches much, and is 

