170 DR LAUDER LINDSAY ON THE SPERMOGONES AND PYCNIDES 
generally straight, about aaoth to smth long; some of them are slightly curved, 
thickish, and short. The sterigmata are frequently of the same thickness as the 
spermatia, which, indeed, appear given off as ultimate joints or articulations, as in 
Ramalina ; they are frequently of a brown colour in old age. Elongated, sub- 
simple, or sub-ramose filaments also frequently, especially in the older spermogones, 
project from among the ordinary spermatiferous ones into the cavity of the sper- 
mogone, which they fill, as in Ramalina. 
Specimen 6.—Falkland Islands, Antarctic Expedition, 1839-43, Dr Hooker. 
The plant more resembles our British plant than Dr Hooxer’s Tasmanian speci- 
mens; the thallus is of a pale straw-yellow colour, granular or mealy on the sur- 
face, resembling herein Swiss or Norwegian specimens of var. alpestris. Many of 
the sterile ramuscles are not at all coloured at the apex; in others the spermo- 
gonesare short and degenerate, or abortive. The spermogones are frequently 
black; their ostiole is generally patent and large; the ramuscles, on which they 
are seated, are always erect, never nodding. ‘They are in some specimens associ- 
ated with apothecia, which are quite those of our British plant. 
Specimen 7.—Wallanchoon, Sikkim, Himalaya, alpine region, at an elevation 
of 13,000 feet; Jongri, Sikkim, alpine region, at 12,000 feet; Lachoong, Sikkim, 
temperate region, at 4000 to 7000 feet, with apothecia; Lachen, Sikkim, alpine 
region, at 14,000 feet; Kambachen, Sikkim ; Yongma Valley, East Nepal ; all col- 
lected by Dr Hooker, and all in Herb. Hooker, Kew. All the specimens are 
spermogoniferous. 
Specomen 8.—Var. portentosa, Duf., Nyl.; summit of Lion’s Face, 1844, Gar- 
DINER; Pentland Hills, 1828, sender’s name not given; also a specimen from 
GARDINER, habitat not given; all in Herb. Hooker, Kew. This variety appears 
merely a form with a coarse thick thallus, the spermogoniferous ramuscles being 
short and closely aggregated. 
SPECIES 21. C. retipora, Fk. 
This is one of the most beautiful of Australian and Tasmanian lichens, in 
consequence of the reticulated or fenestrated character of the thallus. 
Specimen 1.— Tasmania, Antarctic Expedition, 1839-43, Dr Hooxsr. Its 
spermogones are precisely similar, in site and structure, to those of the preceding 
species, but they are smaller, and always erect. They are frequently so minute, 
as to be with difficulty recognised even under the lens ; and are sometimes so rare, 
that a great many specimens may be examined without finding them. They are 
grouped as little, dark-brown horns, on the apices of the broad cancellated 
podetia. 
SpeciES 22. C. aggregata, Sw., Eschw. 
(Syn. Dufourea ocllodes, TAYLOR); occurs in equatorial Africa, America, Asia, 
and Australia. 

