212 DR LAUDER LINDSAY ON THE SPERMOGONES AND PYCNIDES 
have seen. The same remark applies to the sterigmata, which are made up of 
delicate, elongated, cylindrical cells. Intermixed with them are numerous very 
long branching delicate filaments, as in Aamalina, which obscure by their 
abundance the ordinary sterigmata, and fill up the cavity of the spermogone. In 
specimens also collected by Dr Bropis, and labelled Waterville, Long Island, 
April 1856, there are no apothecia, and the spermogones are old. They contain 
only sterile, elongated, branching filaments as above described, and which, with 
age, accumulate in the mature spermogone so as to obliterate the spermatiferous 
sterigmata. 
Specimen 2.—Rio Janeiro, 1846-51; from Henry Paut, Edinburgh. A very 
elegant and beautiful form, in which both the margins of the thallus and of the 
apothecia are ciliated. The spermogones are as described in No. 1. 
Specimen 3.—Mahasa, Simla, North-West Himalaya; temperate region at 
8000 feet; coll. by Dr Tuomas THomson; in Herb. Hooker, Kew. The thallus 
has a ciliate margin, and the spermogones are those of P. perlata. Lachen, 
Sikkim, Himalaya; temperate region at 9000 feet; coll. Dr Hooker; has 
no apothecia and no ciliate margin of thallus. Monkrum, Khasia; temperate 
region at 5000 feet; coll. by Drs Hooxer and T. Tuomson; all in Herb. 
Hooker, Kew. The spermogones are those of P. perlata. Madras, coll. Dr 
Hunter; also in Herb. Hooker. The margin of the thallus is slightly ciliate; 
the spermogones are those of P. perlata. 
Specimen 4.—(Sub nom. Lichen perforatus, Jacq.), ex herb. Dickson; in Herb. 
Menzies, Royal Botanical Garden, Edinburgh. The apothecia are large and per- 
forate; the margin of the thallus is furnished with long marginal cilia; and the 
spermogones are abundant, and of the character of those of P. perlata. 
Specimen 5.—Var. digitata mihi. Ascent to the Pedra Bonita, Leguca (Brazil), 
1836; coll. GEorRGE GARDNER ; in Herb. Hooker, Kew. The margins of the thallus 
are prolonged into curious finger-like lobes or lacinize, dotted over with black punc- 
tiform spermogones, which also cover a large portion of the thallus. The spermo- 
gones are largish and distinct. They occur also on a specimen from the branch of 
a tree in Jurajuba Bay, Rio Garda, 1837 (GARDNER), in which the thallus has a 
rusty-red tint. In a specimen also in Herb. Hooker (with no habitat given), 
which is referred to P. perlata by NYLANDER, the lobes are frequently divided and 
prolonged into linear lacinize, branching and dissected a good deal. These pro- 
longations are evidently the analogues of the digitate ones in Organ Mountain 
specimens sent home by Garpner. They are almost invariably covered over 
with black, punctiform, immersed spermogones; they are fringed with long 
beautiful black fibrils, as are also the margins of the ordinary lobes. The apo- 
thecia here are of enormous size. 
Specimen 6—Var. denticulata, mihi. Singalelah, Sikkim, Himalaya; alpine 
region at 11,000 feet ; coll. Dr Hooker; in Herb. Hooker, Kew. No spermogones 

