220 DR LAUDER LINDSAY ON THE SPERMOGONES AND PYCNIDES 
of the long linear laciniz or processes. Some specimens so closely resemble 
P. physodes, in some of its aspects, that they might be referred to that species as 
a variety. The spermogones are abundant about the ends of the laciniz or pro- 
cesses; they resemble those of P. physodes in internal structure and contents, as 
well as in outward aspect. The spermatia are acicular, about gnth long, and 
sooth broad. The sterigmata consist of a few delicate cylindrical articulations, 
and are associated with long ramifying and anastomosing filaments, as in P. phy- 
sodes. The spermogonal envelope is of a pale-brown cellular tissue. 
Species 9. P. moniliformis, Bab. 
Specumen 1.—New Zealand, Colenso, Nos. 863 and 2685; in Herb. Hooker, 
Kew. This plant is very closely allied to P. conspersa, if it does not belong thereto 
merely as a variety. Two forms of it here occur. One has linear, simple laciniz, 
of a beautiful lemon-yellow, dotted over with punctiform, black, immersed sper- 
mogones. The other has lobes much corrugated and warted, convex and deformed ; 
these too are dotted over with spermogones, which have all the external characters 
of those of P. conspersa. These spermogones are frequently confluent, joining 
each other by black radiating fissures; sometimes they are large and almost 
papilleeform. The spermogones are also studded over the warts, with which the 
thallus is more or less plentifully covered, and they occasionally occur also on the 
apothecia, especially the young ones. The spermatia are acicular, about smth 
long, and 3;0th broad. 
Species 10. P. colpodes, Ach. 
(Syn. P. Michauxu, Auct.) 
Specimen 1.—North America; in Herb. Hooker, Kew. This species, like the 
last, is closely allied to conspersa, if it does not belong to it. The spermogones 
are scattered over the convexities and about the ends of the lobes; they are 
brown, punctiform, immersed. The ostiole is sometimes easily seen under the 
lens; it often appears surrounded bya brown ring. The spermatia are acicular, 
and about sath long, and sath broad; the sterigmata are about jth in length, 
and are composed of a very few long delicate cylindrical cells, articulated at very 
irregular and acute angles. 
Species 11. P. physodes, Ach. 
Almost a cosmopolite. This is a most changeable plant, containing a number of 
marked varieties, to two only of which NYLANDER gives separate names—viz., var. 
lugubris, Pers., and var. enteromorpha, Ach., both American species. I also refer 
to this species, AcHartus’ P. encausia. In all forms of P. physodes, spermogones 
are more or less plentiful; in some to such an extent as to have been chiefly or 
wholly the source of the names given to its varieties by earlier lichenologists. 
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