222 DR LAUDER LINDSAY ON THE SPERMOGONES AND PYCNIDES 
gones are associated with large, flattened, black maculee, which seem fungoid in 
their nature. 
Specimen 7.—On rocks, Morchone, Braemar, August 1856, W. L. L.; with 
apothecia. The central as well as peripheral parts of the thallus are studded 
over with very minute black punctiform spermogones. 
Specimen 8.—On blasted Scotch firs (Pinus sylvestris), Glen Lui Beg, Braemar, 
August 1856, W. L. L.; no apothecia. Spermogones are of the usual character. 
Specimen 9.—Bridge of Cally, Blairgowrie, August 1856, W. L. L.; on walls; 
no apothecia. The thallus is eroded in patches, exposing the white medullary 
layer. Roadside walls, Spittal of Glenshee, Braemar, August 1856, W. L. L.; no 
apothecia. The spermogones are large; the ostioles patent, with thickish, dis- 
tinct, black borders, which are ring-like. Frequently the spermogones are con- 
fluent and maculiform. 
Specimen 10.—Melbury Hill, near Shaftesbury, Dorsetshire, May 1857 ; coll. 
Sir WatTEr C. TREVELYAN; associated with P. sinuosa, var. erratica. The sper- 
mogones are few and scattered. 
Specimen 11.—On a stone fence, near Montrose, Forfarshire, July 1843; coll. 
A. CROALL; with apothecia. The spermogones are extremely minute, brown, 
and punctiform, scattered about the ends of lacinize with large terminal soredia, 
and inflated or bullose tips. In specimens from Guthrie, Forfarshire, also coll. 
by CroatL, in Herb. Hooker, Kew, the lobes are broad and simple, but the sper- 
mogones are the same. 
Specimen 12.—Kildale, Cleveland, Yorkshire, 1855-6; coll. W. Mupp. The 
thallus is of a darkish hue; the spermogones are very minute and punctiform, 
giving the lacinize the appearance of being covered with a series of very minute 
black perforations. 
Specimen 138.—On the white oak of California; coll. DetaHton, 1857; with 
abundant apothecia. The plant resembles ScHmRER’s var. 7. multipuncta, which, 
however, he describes as chiefly saxicolous. The laciniz, or segments of the 
thallus, differ much in form and size; some are narrow and linear, not terminat- 
ing, however, in inflated bullze or soredia; others are flattish, sub-fastigiate at 
the ends, and somewhat retuse, also like the lacinize of P. saxatilis. The sper- 
mogones are minute, punctiform, black. The spermatia are acicular, about zath 
long, borne on the apices and sides of sterigmata, which are composed of two or 
three delicate, cylindrical articulations only. From among the latter project 
numbers of the elongated, sterile, very ramose filaments already described as so 
generally occurring in P. physodes. 
| Specimen 14.—On rocks, Blackpool, near Cork; coll..Carroit. ‘This is near 
SCHARER’S vars. 7. multipuncta and 0. vitiata. Though in these spermogoniferous 
states of P. physodes, spermogones are abundant, they are generally old and de- 
generate, and he who expects always to find in them abundance of spermatia will 
