258 DR LAUDER LINDSAY ON THE SPERMOGONES AND PYCNIDES 
Specimen 1.—On trees between Tarbert and Arrochar, Loch Lomond, Aug. 
1855, W. L. L. There are no apothecia ; but spermogones abound in every stage 
of their development. They are large papillz, with ostioles of a deep leaden-gray 
or blackish colour. The papilla generally becomes elongated, and the ostiole 
enlarges until a black disk-like or saucer-shaped cavity is exposed. The spermo- 
. gones are scattered most plentifully about the centre of the thallus, few occurring 
about its periphery. Some are seated on the plicee of the thallus, which run from 
the centre to the circumference ; others are distributed parallel to the periphery of 
the thallus. There are also spermogoniferous specimens in Don’s Herbarium 
(now possessed by Mr M‘Nas, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh); no habitat 
given. The spermogones are chiefly young, with elongated chink-like ostioles. 
They closely resemble the spermogones of Recasolia herbacea and R. glomulifera. 
Specimen 2.—LEIGHTON exs. 233 (sub. Parmelia, E. B. 353); Keswick, Cum- 
berland ; with abundance of apothecia. The spermogones are small tubercles, of 
the colour of the thallus, with very irregular ostioles. 
Speciinen 3.—Var. myriocarpa; on trees, Killarney, Ireland, common; coll. 
CarroLu. This is merely a form in which the apothecia are small, and con- 
fluent in irregular masses. With it may probably properly be associated 
ScHARER’s ‘y. cyanoloma (Enum. p. 36), which has “ apotheciis in maculas fusco- 
atras congestis.” The spermogones are imbedded in large tubercles or papillz 
of the thallus, each marked by a brown apex or ostiole; they are scattered abun- 
dantly external to the region of the apothecia. The envelope is of a very pale 
brownish-yellow. The spermatia are rod-shaped, about sath long, and xinth 
broad; the sterigmata are from jth to ~th long, and gath broad. 
Species 2. C. molybdea, Pers., 
A species which occurs in all tropical countries, closely allied to the preceding. 
Specimen 1.—St Vincent, on barks; Canaries, ex Herb. Welwitzsch; Surinam, 
ex Herb. Miguel;—all in Herb. Hooker, Kew (Syn. Solorina maculata, Tayl.; Lecidea 
parmelioides, Hook.) The spermogones are abundantly scattered all over the 
thallus; they are pale yellow warts, with brown tips, supsficial, prominent, be- 
coming darker in colour and less conspicuous. In one specimen, with the thallus 
of a leaden hue, closely resembling that of C. plumbea, the spermogones are 
small, distinct, prominent black or brown papille, grouped in considerable num- 
bers. The body of the spermogone is a hard yellow kernel, sunk in the medullary 
tissue of the thallus. The spermatia are rod-shaped, about zaath long, and smth 
broad, on arthrosterigmata like those of C. plumbea. 
Specimen 2.—Assam; Philippine Islands, Cumine; in Herb. Hooker, Kew. 
Some specimens have large, handsome, pale lobes. The spermogones are few, 
scattered, very distinct and large, resembling, except as to size, those of Ricasolia 
herbacea. 

