
ae 
OF FILAMENTOUS, FRUTICULOSE, AND FOLIACEOUS LICHENS. 267 
Priory, Shropshire. The spermogones are small orange tubercles, scattered 
about the periphery of the thallus. 
Specimen 2.—Var. lobulatum, Flk.; on limestone, Blackrock, near Cork; coll. 
CARROLL; associated with var. fuscella, Ach. of Verrucaria nigrescens, Pers. 
The spermogones are somewhat abundant and distinct as minute,. sub-irregular, 
deep orange-red papille, scattered over the convexities of the laciniz, and about 
the periphery of the thallus. They are usually more or less isolated. Both the 
thallus and apothecia have an orange-yellow colour; and hence the spermogones, 
from their brilliant red tinge, are sufficiently conspicuous, especially under mois- 
ture. The spermatia are rod-shaped, very abundant, about ;,,th long, and s;tnth 
broad, on arthrosterigmata which measure th long, and gnth broad. P. callo- 
pismum has similar spermogones. ‘There is no sufficient distinction between 
P. murorum and P. callopismum, unless that the apothecia in the latter are gene- 
rally more of a red colour than those of the former. I refer the latter to the former 
as a mere variety.* 
FAMILY XV. CoLLEMAcEz. 
SECTION I. Licuina Tribe. 
GENUS I. Epuesz, Fr., Born. 
The structure of the spermogones of this genus will be sufficiently illustrated 
by that of the spermogones of L. pubescens, its best-known species. 
SPECIES 1. L. pubescens, Fr.,t 
Which occurs both in Northern America and in.Europe (Syn. Cornicularia, Ach. ; 
Stigonema atro-virens, Agardh.) The filiform segments of the thallus, near their 
tips, exhibit two forms of swellings of their substance. The one is spherical or 
ovoid, and largish; the other is fusiform, elongated, and much smaller. The first- 
mentioned swelling contains the endocarpous apothecium, the last-mentioned the 
spermogone. But these two forms of swelling, or in other words, apothecia and 
spermogones, never occur on the same segment of the thallus, nor even on the same 
tuft of the plant. Apothecia are found on one tuft or specimen ; spermogones on 
another. But both organs have the same relative position on the segments of the 
thallus. The spermogonal ostioles or pores are extremely minute and inconspi- 
cuous. The envelope is formed of the same kind of cells as those which enter 
into the structure of the exciple or perithecium of the apothecia; they are of a 
bluish-green colour. The sterigmata are very delicate linear cells, branching 
slightly below, resembling those of Ramalina. The spermatia are oblong, with 
* The other genera of the Lecanore: will be found included in my Memoir on the Spermo- 
gones and Pyenides of Crustaceous Lichens. Vide foot-note, p. 280. 
+ A good account of the minute structure of its spermogones will be found in Bornet’s “‘ Ré- 
cherches sur la Structure de ?’Ephebe pubescens, Fr.” Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 3d Ser. 
Botanique, vol. xviii., 1852, p. 161. 
