OF FILAMENTOUS, FRUTICULOSE, AND FOLIACEOUS LICHENS. 275 
at the foot of old trunks of willows, Switzerland. The spermogones are tubercles 
of the same colour as the thallus, scattered upon the edges of the lobes. The 
envelope is of a deepish-brown cellular tissue. The spermatia are in myriads, 
rod-shaped, almost atomic as to size. 
Specimen 5.—Var. turgidum, Scherer exs. 433 (sub Parmelia turgida); on 
siliceous and calcareous stones, in sunny places, Switzerland. The spermogones 
are marginal, resembling young apothecia. I am also inclined to place here 
ScHRER’S exs. 434 (sub Parmelia stygia B. orbicularis), on calcareous rocks, at 
the Lake of Bienne. In this plant, also, the spermogones are marginal, and inter- 
mixed with the apothecia; they are dull-brown, small tubercles. The spermatia 
are rather longer than those in most of the species of Collema I have already 
described. 
Specimen 6.—County Wicklow, Ireland, 1845; among moss; coll. Moors, in 
Herb. Carroll. The spermogones are abundant on the margins of the lobes as 
small, pale-brown disks, distinct when moistened amid the dark leek-green of the 
thallus. The spermatia are zqth long, and j;;th broad, rod-shaped; the arthro- 
sterigmata are longish, and about sth broad. 
SPECIES 7. C.crispum, Ach. 
This appears to me to belong to the preceding species; its spermogones and 
spermatia are the same. The spermogones, though usually of a brownish-yellow 
tint, are sometimes concolorous with the thallus. 
Specimen 1.—LeEicuHton exs. 106 (sub C.' cristatum, Ach., E. B. 834); near 
Shrewsbury, Shropshire. The spermogones are as described in C. pulposum. In 
a specimen in Herb. Hooker, Kew, the thallus is a mass of isidioid pulvinuli, 
many of them tipped with pale, brownish-yellow, discoid spermogones. 
SPECIES 8. C. cheilewm, Ach., 
Which occurs in Africa and Europe. This appears to include C. crispum, Schzerer 
exs. 425, and C. plicatile, Moug. and Nestler, 456. The thallus frequently bears 
a close resemblance to that of C. melcenui. 
Specimen 1.—On sand-hills, Dunfanaghy, County Donegal; Professor Dick1r, 
1858. The spermogones are pale, brownish-yellow, round tubercles, fringing the 
margins of the dark-green, sub-erect lobes. In another specimen from the same 
locality, they are scattered on the flat surface of the lobes, near their margin; they 
are distinct amid the dark-olive tissue of the thallus. The spermatia are rod- 
shaped, about sth long, and ;,4,th broad. 
Specimen 2.—On limestone, near Fermoy, Ireland ; coll. T. CHANDLER ; in Herb. 
Carroll. The lobes are erect—their margins thin, wavy, and crisped or denticu- 
late from the presence of spermogones, which are small brownish-yellow buttons 
or disks. The spermatia are about ath long, and sonth broad, rod-shaped, on 
