OF FILAMENTOUS, FRUTICULOSE, AND FOLIACEOUS LICHENS. 279 
brown. The spermatia are rod-shaped, about qth long, and 45th broad; the 
arthrosterigmata are about ;,th long. 
Specimen 3.—Schooley’s Mountains, North America, June 1856; coll. Dr A. 
O. Bropirr. The spermogones are easily mistaken for young apothecia; they 
form small, slightly elevated, flattened tubercles on the surface of the thallus, 
about its periphery. They somewhat resemble grains of sago; are very distinct, 
from the contrast of their pale colour with the dark-green of the thallus; and are 
roundish and hard, having an obscure, minute ostiole. The spermatia are rod- 
shaped, about paagth long, on arthrosterigmata resembling those of Collema. 
Specimen 4.—Scu ERER exs. 260, associated with Nephromium tomentosum, var. 
helveticum, Black Forest, Switzerland ; coll. Hocusterrer. The spermogones are 
plentiful about the margins of the lobes of the thallus. They are distinctly 
circumscribed, palish-yellow or whitish disks, round, flattened, with a distinct 
brown punctiform ostiole. 
Specimen 5.—South America, Humpoipt; in Herb. Hooker, Kew (sub nom. 
Collema olivaceum, Hook.) The thallus is very delicate, diaphanous, and of an 
olive-green colour; the lobes are large and rounded. The margins are beautifully 
denticulate, being fringed with spermogones, which look like so many minute 
teeth. These organs are small but well-formed cones, each marked with a brown, 
punctiform, apical ostiole. The cones are distinctly circumscribed; the base of 
the bufi-coloured spermogone not passing into, but being clearly distinguishable 
from, the deep leek-green colour of the thallus. The body of the spermogone some- 
times falls out, and then small cups or cavities are left, which give to the margins 
of the thallus an irregularly notched character. The spermatia are rod-shaped, 
about soth long, and 5), th broad; the arthrosterigmata are about ;,th long. 
Spsors 4. L. phyllocarpum, Pers., 
Which is common in tropical countries. 
Specimen 1.—On bark, St Vincent, West Indies ; in Herb. Hooker, Kew. The 
margins of the lobes are studded over with distinct, small, brownish-yellow sper- 
mogones, of the character of the marginal spermogones of Collema. Similar sper- 
mogones occur plentifully in specimens from Surinam, ex. Herb. Miguel; also in 
Herb. Hooker (sub nom. L. marginellum, Mont.) 
Species 5. L. saturninum, Ach. 
Specimen 1.—ScH#RER exs. 423 (sub Parmelia myochroa a. saturnina); 
on the trunks of trees in the warmer parts of Switzerland. The spermogones are 
quite those of Z. tremelloides, except that they are less distinct on account of the 
deeper colour of the thallus. They occur on the right-hand specimen in my copy 
(original ed., 1842). They abound on the margins of the lobes as pale disks, im- 
mersed, with a more or less distinct brown punctiform ostiole. The latter some- 
