Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
Fig. 
34, 
. 35. 
36. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 287 
. One of the same spermogones isolated and more highly magnified, showing ostiole a. 
. Cladonia gracilis, Fr., var. cervicornis, Ach., from Muckish Mountain, Ireland. A deformed 
podetium, studded over with abortive or degenerate spermogones a. 
. €. gracilis, Fr.; Scherer exs., 66: scyphus bearing a, apothecia, and 6, barrel-shaped 
marginal spermogones. 
. One of latter more highly magnified: a, ostiole; b, body. 
. C. gracilis, Fr., from Tasmania. A barrel-shaped spermogone a, forming the apex of a long, 
slender, tapering podetium 6b. 
. C. gracilis, Fr.; Scherer exs., 641. Scyphi, showing marginal tooth-like spermogones a ; 
b [in lower figure] an apothecium ; ¢ [in upper figure] a secondary sterile podetium. 
. One of the same spermogones more highly magnified: a, ostiole ; b, body. 
. C. gracilis, Fr.; Falkland Islands. Degenerate and old sterigmata, becoming elongated 
and sub-ramose. 
. C. gracilis, Fr. ; Scherer exs.,67. Sterigmata also old and degenerate, becoming elongated 
and ramose; their ramifications forming a network of filaments, which occupy cavity 
of old spermogone. 
. C. pywidata, Fr.; Scherer exs., 53. A scyphus fringed with marginal barrel shaped 
spermogones a. 
. Two of the same more highly magnified : a, ostiole ; b, body. 
. C. pyxidata, Fr.; Scher. exs., 268. A scyphus bearing a, apothecia; and b, marginal 
spermogones. 
. Same plant. A barrel-shaped spermogone terminal on a slender tapering podetium : 
a, ostiole. 
. C. pyzidata, Fr.; Scherer exs., 58. A scyphus fringed with large marginal spermo- 
gones a. 
. The same species; Long Island, North America. A scyphus, bearing marginal spermo- 
gones a, and secondary tapering sterile podetia b. 
. C. pyxidata, Fr.; Sligachan, Skye. Surface, as well as margins, of scyphus, studded over 
with spermogones a. 
. Two of the same spermogones more highly magnified ; a, ostiole ; b, body. 
. C. pyxidata, Fr.; Dumfries. A scyphus bearing large marginal spermogones a. 
. Sterigmata a, and spermatia 6, of the same plant. 
. C. fimbriata, Fr.; Scherer exs., 589. A scyphus bearing large marginal spermogones a. 
. C. fimbriata, Fr.; Scherer exs., 640. Sterigmata a, and spermatia bc [b fixed, ¢ free]. 
. C. fimbriata, Fr.; Derry, Ireland. Scyphus bearing an apothecium a, and spermogones 8, 
both on its surface and margins. 
. Sterigmata a, and spermatia b, of the same plant. 
. C. degenerans, Flk.; Scherer exs., 274. Scyphus bearing marginal large spermogones a. 
. C. cenotea, Scher. Scyphus bearing marginal spermogones a. 
. C. Papillaria, Hoffm.; Scherer exs., 511. Irregular deformed podetia, studded over with 
horn-like or barrel-shaped spermogones a. 
. C, Papillaria, Hoffm. ; Scherer exs.,512. Mature podetium, bearing confluent apothecia b ; 
young podetia c ; brown lecidine spermogones seated on the horizontal granulose thallus a. 
C. Papillaria, Hoftm.; Scher. exs,, 511 and 512. Sterigmata a, and spermatia bc [b fixed, 
c free]. In the right-hand figure the sterigmata are old and degenerate, becoming elon- 
gated and ramose. 
C. furcata, Scher., var, racemosa, Scher. Portion of thallus, showing the terminal barrel- 
shaped spermogones a. 
One of the same spermogones more highly magnified: a, the largish regular ostiole; b, body. 
