396 REV. THOMAS BROWN ON THE MOUNTAIN LIMESTONE AND 
class of tuberculated fish. I extremely regret that from the softness of the shale 
it has been impossible to preserve them in anything like their original complete- 
ness. When first laid open they seemed unequivocal plates of some species of 
Pterichthys. When submitted in their present state to Sir P. Ecerton he has _ 
marked them as “‘ very doubtful—probably not Pterichthys.’’ Enough, however, 
still remains to show that they must have belonged to the great class of tuber- 
culated fish. At Mr Saurer’s request, | have agreed to place these specimens in 
the new museum here. Should they prove to have belonged to any genus allied 
to Pterichthys, the discovery would be one of considerable importance. The 
range of that great family would no longer be confined to the Devonian for- 
mation, and this point might have an important bearing on questions connected 
with systematic geology. Already, in England and elsewhere, these tuberculated 
fish have been found up to the highest beds of the Devonian system; but should 
their discovery at Kinghorn be confirmed, they must be held to have existed 
through the long period of the Lower Carboniferous group, and to have passed far 
up into the Mountain Limestone. It would be well, meantime, if the attention 
of our local geologists were directed to this bone-bed. A thorough search by those 
who could command the necessary time would yield results of considerable 
interest. Before leaving these fish remains, it is right to call attention to 
their position as belonging to the six upper marine limestones. In the corre- 
sponding marine formation of Yorkshire, the fish remains are few or none; and in 
the same marine band, as found in the Lothians, Mr Gerx1e mentions that fish 
remains are also absent. It will be remembered that the ganoid fish now living 
are found only in fresh water, and it might have been argued that their ancient — 
congeners were also fresh-water fish. This idea might have found support from 
the absence of their remains from the deep marine formation of Yorkshire, and 
the marine beds of the Mountain Limestone in the Lothians. The Fife beds, how- 
ever, at once place the whole matter in another light. At Ardross we have the 
remains of Rhizodus and Amblypterus intermingled with the Cephalopods and 
Brachiopods of the ancient seas. At Kinghorn the bone-bed gives us the remains 
of the whole family of carboniferous Ganoids, side by side with those of Cosine 
Sharks, and Brachiopods like the Lingula, all evidently marine. 
One other fossil deserves notice—the Serpulites carbonarius, which is confined, 
so far as I observed, to the two lower beds E and F. Immediately to the west of 
Newark Castle, the bed F yields these remains in great abundance, and fine con- 
dition, in many cases filled with carbonate of lime. 
2. The Estuarine Strata between F and L. 
Underneath the six limestones we find a series of rocks of considerable depth, — 
apparently 1400* feet. That they are fresh water or estuarine, is shown by the 
* Since presenting this paper to the Society, I have gone over these beds to the east of St Monans_ 

