
LOWER CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS OF THE FIFESHIRE COAST. 401 
A clear idea of it will be obtained from the following figures and specific cha- 
racter, with remarks, for which I am indebted to Mr Satter :— | 

“ Sptrorbis (Serpula) helicteres, n. sp.” 
S, 4 uncialis, laxe spiratus; anfractibus, 4—5; quorum, 2—8 compactis, reliquis longe vagis,—omnibus 
compressis. Superficies rugosa, lineis incrementi rugisque irregularibus aspera, nec striata. Apertura 
ovata, margini haud incrassato.”’ 
** This striking fossil occurs in distinct beds, grouped hundreds together, yet 
without ostensible attachment to any other object than its own species. The 
helix formed by the compressed whorls is a very open one, and often drawn out 
to more than a quarter of an inch long; the first whorl or two only being discoid. 
The surface is roughened by lines and ridges of growth, but has no distinct strize 
either longitudinal or transverse. 
« §. Archimedis of DE Konincxk (animaux foss de Belge PC. G. f. 6), a fossil 
from the Carboniferous Limestone of Visé, is only slightly compressed. It is 
much more closely coiled, the whorls touching each other, and has close set strice 
and larger plaits in the direction of the lines of growth.” * 
Another feature to be noticed is the marked abundance of Cyclopteris. This 
is especially seen among the rocks from Pittenweem eastward. Both plants occur 
in both portions of the series, but above the bed L Sphenopteris is the prevailing 
form ; below L it is Cyclopteris. 
V. Resutts.—THE two GRovups. 
Mr MactareEn’s classification, in his able work on the “Geology of Fife and the 
Lothians,” has been in substance adhered to by subsequent writers. Underlying 
the coal-field there is first a zone of encrinal limestone, comparatively thin, 
* Mr Sarrer, MSS. Our fossil is imbedded in the stone, which.is to a large extent made up 
of it; but the weathered surface often shows the fossil very beautifully, the white snake-like form 
charged with carbonate of lime being well relieved by the dark red of tlie limestone. The bed occurs 
‘ among the rocks of the shore near Fife Ness, a short way to the north-west of Baleomie Sands. 
VOL. XXIE. PART I, Sith 
