186 



CLASSIFICATION" OF FISHES^ ETC. 



Tetragonopterus. First dorsal beneath the ventral ; belly smooth or 



serrated. 

 Gasteropelicus. Body short : belly prominent ; mouth vertical. 

 Chalceus. Belly prominent : tail long ; pectoral fins long.; mouth as in 



Piabucus. 

 Piabucus. Fusiform ; anal fin very long. 



XiPHosTOMA. Jaws pointed, lengthened : tipper jaw longest, 



acuminated ; anal fin short. 



Hydrocyon. Jaws equal ; anal fin long. 



Mormyj-ynchus. Snout lengthened, contracted ; mouth terminal and 



vertical. 



* * * * Mouth vertical : body short, bioad, 



Ster>'opttx. — Body broad, exessively thin ; only one distinct 

 dorsal fin. 



3. Sub-family Clupin'^. Herrings. — Dorsal fin single, 



central ; body carinated. 



* Tail long : ventral united to the caudal fin. 



OsTEOGLossuM. — Caudal and ventral united, the rays equal ; 



dorsal posterior. 



Xotopterus. Dorsal fin nearly central ; ventrals minute. 

 Trichosoma. Ventrals large ; pectorals minute, with setiform append, 

 ages. 



Elops. Belly not compressed ; tongue toothed ; dorsal and 

 anal fins short. 



Setipinna. Pectorals large, ending in a filament ; anal very long. 

 Megalops. Body not compressed ; dorsal ending in a filamentous ray. 

 Engraulis. Snout prominent ; mouth beneath, cleft horizontally. 



Clupea. Mouth without teeth, small ; dorsal and ventral 



opposite. 



Thryssa. Jaws equal, toothed; Tnouth terminal, very large, sub- 

 vertical. 

 Chatcessus. Belly compressed, carinated ; dorsal ending in a filament. 

 Plafygaster. Ventral nearly obsolete j dorsal before the ventral. 

 Pristogaster. Lower jaw turned up ; mouth vertical ; no ventral fin. 



* * Dorsal fin nearest the caudal. 



Chikocentrus. Body without scales ; teeth strong, conic. 



Hyodon. Body with large scales, not carinated. 

 Odontognathus. Dorsal minute ; anal very long and low. 



CoRiCA. Anal fins two ; body diaphanous ; mouth vertical ; 

 no teeth ; belly serrated ; dorsal fin nearly central. 



4. Sub-family Esocinm:. Pikes. — Dorsal fin single, placed 



close to the caudal. 



ExocETus. Pectoral fins excessively long; body herring- 

 shaped. 



