APPENDIX. 39 1 



as large as the pectoral : first dorsal triangular, rather higher than the se- 

 cond. Colour. — Upper parts ash-colour; sides and under parts of th e head 

 and body silvery ; irides silvery and golden ; scales very small. Obs. — Be- 

 sides the difference in the shape of the dorsal and anal fins, this species 

 differs from the British hake in having the head shorter, and the teeth in two 

 rows instead of one, and the scales, instead of being " large," are very small. 

 The first ray of the anal is very small ; the second dorsal and the anal com- 

 mence and terminate on a line with each other. 



MOTELLA fiisca. Chestnut Rockling. 



Entirely dark blackish chestnut ; belly white ; cirri 

 three^ two above and one below ; lateral line marked 

 with round whitish spots. 



Dorsal 1, 2,57; pectoral 12; ventral 6; anal 47; caudal 



about 20. 

 Very common round the rocky shores of Palermo, where it 

 appears solitary : it is very voracious, feeding not only on shell- 

 fish and crabs, but on fusci : the former I have often found en- 

 tire in the stomach, and of a large size for that of the fish, which 

 never exceeds seven or eight inches in length, and is usually 

 much smaller. 



Length 6 to 8 inches ; head depressed, and marked with punctures be- 

 tween the eyes, before the nostrils, and round the cheeks and nape ; lower 

 jaw shortest; teeth small, incurved, sharp, distinct ; two rows in the upper 

 and one in tlie lower jaw ; those in the palate placed in an angular space ; 

 nostrils double, the hinder pair somewhat tubular, the anterior having a 

 pair of cirri immediately behind them; another single cirrus is at the tip 

 of the lower jaw ; the first or false dorsal is in a deep groove, with a longer 

 filamentous ray in front, and followed by numerous others, connected only 

 at their base by a membrane. The ventral fins are of five rays, the two first 

 subulate and thick, and partially disconnected; the other three united 

 to their tips, and very small : the second much the longest. Body much 

 compressed beyond the vent, and covered with very small scales ; these ex- 

 tend to the base of the fins, which are very thick. The second dorsal is 

 broader than the anal ; caudal rounded,ventral almost terminating in a line 

 with the jjectoral, which is also rounded ; anal commencing in a line ^op- 

 posite the eighth dorsal ray, terminates with it, close to, but not united to 

 the base of, the caudal. Lateral line beginning at the hind head, curved 

 at the vent, from whence it becomes straight, and marked by white dots, 

 which become more distant and nearly extinct near the caudal fin : a few 

 other white dots are sometimes scattered on each side. The length of the 

 whole fish, compared to the breadth, is as 1 to 7. Colour uniform, chestnut 

 brown, nearly black, the fins being darkest ; sides of the head lighter, with 

 a yellow cast; belly nearly white ; irides dark;brown, but soon after death 

 they change to yellow. 



PHYSIS longipennis. (Vol. I. p. 322. fig. 7 5.) 



Ventral fins very long^ unequally forked, the longest 

 filament reaching to half the length of the body ; a 

 single cirrus on the lower jaw. 



Dorsal 9,62; pectoral 12 ; ventral 1 ; anal 53. 

 Inhabits Sicily. 

 c c 4 



