APPENDIX. 413 



in immediate contrast,! have merely stated such others, mostly of a com- 

 parative nature, as will still further distinguish them. 



NAUCRATES serratus. 



Dorsal spines four^ the two first shortest ; sides of the 



tail carinated and serrated ; irides yellow ; tongue 



armed with teeth. 



Scomber ductor. Bloch, Ichth. pi. S38. 



Described by Bloch, who expressly mentions that the carinated process 

 on each side the tail is serrated *, and that the tongue is toothed its whole 

 length ; that the jaws are equal, and that the dorsal spines are four ; the 

 figure represents the two first as smaller than the two last ; the body has 

 four bands only, the first of which is just before the dorsal spines, and the 

 last at the tip of the tail ; the caudal fin has a black band in the middle of 

 each of its lobes. Bloch does not specify the locality from which his speci- 

 men was procured ; the rays are stated as follows : Dorsal 4, 24 ; pectoral 15 ; 

 ventral ], 6; anal 1, 16 ; caudal 18. 



TRACHURUS siculus. 



Lateral line passing through the middle of the abdomi- 

 nal plates j anal fin shorter than the second dorsal^ 

 and preceded by two approximating unconnected 

 spines ; first dorsal of nine rays^ the last very minute^ 

 and close to the second dorsal. 



Dorsal 8, 34; pectoral 20; ventral i; anal 28; caudal 18; 



br. mem. 7. 



Shores of Palermo. (January 20. 1815.) 



Length not quite nine inches; the colour above dark blue; the sides 

 and belly silvery, with shades of yellow, orange, pink, and blue, and a black 

 spot on the operculum ; eyes large ; irides silvery gold, with shades of red ; 

 nostrils vertical ; lower jaw longest ; the first dorsal placed in a groove, and 

 terminated by a minute ray, close to, but not connected with the second 

 dorsal ; pectoral long, pointed, ending in a line with the commencement 

 of the second dorsal ; vent central, followed by two spines close together 

 but without a membrane ; hinder portion of the abdominal plates carinated 

 into spines, which increase towards the caudal fin ; scales not discernible. 

 To this sub-genus, proposed in 1810 by professor Rafinesque, must be added 

 three other species inhabiting the Sicilian seas, described in his Nuovi 

 Generic &c. p. 45. 



MUGIL squamopennis. 

 Snout projecting beyond the mouth_, the three posterior 



* " En forme de Scie," torn. vi. p. 32. 



