INDEX. 



431 



in the East Indian tanks from 



one rainy season to another, i. 49. 

 Elocate, character of, ii. 33. 

 Electric organs of the torpedo de- 



scribed, i. 178. 

 Electric silure, i. 348. 

 Elops, characters of, i. 266. 282. 



Subgenera, 281. 

 Ernvdosiures, general characters 



ol^ ii. 109. 

 Enalosaures, general characters of, 



ii. 107. 120. 

 Engraulis, characters of, i. 281. 

 Engraulis HamUtonii, figured, i. 



284. 

 Enoplosus, characters of, ii. 17. 

 Eremophilus figured and described, 



i. 358. 

 Erpetology, present state of, ii. 350. 



Useless multiplication of genera 



in, 352. Confusion introduced 



into, by the enormous quantity of 



synonymes, 354. 

 Erythrinus taeniatus figured, i. 



239. 

 EsocinsB, general characters of, i. 



293. Arrangement of th e genera 



of, 294. 

 Esox belone, habits of, i. 300. 

 Exocetus, characters of, i. 295. 

 Exocetus evolans, figured and de- 

 scribed, i. 297. 

 Eyes of Fishes described, i. 14. 46. 



Fecundity of Fishes, i. 51. 



Feet represented by fins, i. 8. Fore, 

 of quadrupeds, represented by the 

 pectorals of fishes, 15. Hinder, 

 by the ventrals, 19. 



Fierce tortoise, ii. 115. 



File-fish described, i. 193. 



Fimbriated tortoise figured and 

 described, ii. 117. 



Finlets described, i. 24. 



Fins, representatives of feet, i. 8. 

 Described, 15. Pectorals, 15. 

 Ventrals, 19. Dorsal, 22. Spu- 

 rious, 24. Anal, 29. Caudal, 30. 

 Analogies of, with the locomo- 

 tive organs of birds, 37. Coinci- 

 dences in formation of, in widely 

 distinct genera, 39. Terms ap- 

 plied to, 40. !N umber of rays in, 

 one of the best characters for 

 specific distinction, 41. Of the 

 catfish figured and described, 328. 



Fishes : 

 Organs of motion, i. 13. 

 Majority oviparous, i. 14. 

 External Anatomy, i. 15. 

 Sucking or adhesive, singular 

 form of the ventrals in, i. 21. _ 



Fishes. — continued. 

 Use dorsal spines as a means of 



defence, i. 27. 

 Form of the caudal fin important 

 in determining natural groups 

 in, i. 30. 

 Swift swimming, have forked 



tails, i. 31. 

 Number of rays composing the 

 several fins, one of the best 

 characters for specific distinc- 

 tion, i.41. 

 With highly developed gills, and 

 the aperture very large, die 

 very soon out of water, i. 42. 

 Which breathe by spiracles, live 

 for a considerable time out of 

 water, i. 42. 

 Tefeth of, most uncertain charac- 

 ters for designating natural 

 groups, i. 44. 

 Cirrated, are all ground feeders, 



i. 45. 

 Senses of, i. 47. 

 Vitality of, i. 49. 

 Cartilaginous, continue to grow 



all their lives, i. 48. 

 Tenacity of life in several genera, 



i.49. 

 Thrown up alive from the bottom 



of an exploding volcano, i. 49. 



Eggs or' in the East Indian tanks 



remain unhatched from one 



rainy season tc another, i. 49. 



Have preserved their vitality in a 



frozen state, i. 50. 

 Fecundity of, L 50. 

 Habits and economy of, involved 



in great obscurity, i. 51. 

 Geographic distribution of, i. 51. 

 More attention paid by the an- 

 tients to the class of, than to 

 any other, i. 54. 

 History and bibliography of, i. 54;. 

 Method of preserving for mu- 

 seums, i. 68. 

 Best mode of procuring, i 71. 

 Localities of, L 71. 

 Sy.stematic arrangement of, i. 72, 

 Natural arrangement of, i. 99. 

 Analogies of the primary divi- 

 sions of, with warm-blooded 

 vertebrata, i.l02. With the an- 

 nulosa, 112. With the reptiles, 

 115. Of the class with the 

 other classes of animated na- 

 ture, 117. 

 Cartilaginous, general characters 



of, i. 118. Analogies of, 149. 

 Cheloniform, general characters 



of, i. 1S9. Analogies of, 200. 

 Anguillifcrm, general characters 



of, i. 212. Analogies of, 216- 

 Soft-rayeci, general characters of, 

 i. 225. Analogies of, 232. 



